Behavioral Plan

Alex is a 10th grader in a public school. He is an active boy, though too active that he finds it hard to focus on his lessons or even just listen to his teacher for an extended period. While he can cope with class most of the time, he finds it hard to excel because of the inability to focus to his lessons. Thus, intervention must be made to help Alex focus and get more out of his classes. Hypothesis Alex’s excessive liveliness is a sign of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder or ADHD, a condition suffered by millions of children in the United States alone.Other countries add to the statistics. It is therefore fitting for a formal research to be made in an attempt to solve the problem and help Alex along with the many children suffering the disease. Doing so will help them live normal, productive lives. Objectives of the Study The study focuses on Alex and aims to (a) help Alex behave in class, (b) help Alex participate in class, and (c) help Alex avoid teasing and disrupt ing other kids in the class. There are certain difficulties in trying to establish these objectives.First, Alex may not be expected to comply one hundred percent of the time with the teacher. Second, Alex’s attention-deficit problem is innate in him and it is not easy to stop him by just telling him to stop. Lastly, Alex finds this kinds of activity fun and comfortable, and so suddenly taking it away can pose further problems to him. These should all be considered in planning an intervention plan for Alex and with all similar cases. Data GatheringThe first step, as clinical practitioners suggest, was to gather as much information about the subject as possible. Interviews with Alex, with his parents, and with close friends have been done. Oftentimes, behavior characterizing ADHD starts from untoward occurrences in the child’s life that has affected him psychologically. The case deepens if the child finds no outlet for pouring hurt emotions or depression. Alex’s a ctivities were also observed. Charting will be done on the times of the day that he is most active, and times when he is calm and collected.It was also noted at what activities Alex is not paying attention and which ones make him stay put. These will tell pretty much how Alex’s behavior can be corrected. Considering these, Alex’s data was compared with other children. This comparison will instill or deny if Alex’s behavior is right for his age and maturity level, and if corrective actions should be made. If the data from the charts show that Alex is acting according to his age, constructive yet disciplinary actions may be given to make him behave in class.However, if the data shows that Alex is acting differently, further and more serious actions shall be made and executed. Data Analysis Alex’s data revealed important facts about his condition. The charting found that Alex’s parents both work, and he is often left to his babysitter. Alex is an only child, though he has an older sister from his father’s first marriage. The sister does not live with Alex nor is she close to him. When Alex’s activities were observed, it has been found that he would stand up and play around when Kara starts speaking.It seems that Alex does not like passive listening. Even at times that Kara was able to convince him to sit and listen, he would be fidgeting with his pencil, the pages of his workbook, or the hems of his shorts. However, when there are activities to do in the workbook, in the board, or plainly if there are activities that Kara asks the class to do Alex complies and quietly finishes his tasks. Yet when Kara starts speaking again for the purpose of discussing, Alex begins with his activity again.It should be noted, however, that only short activities keep Alex preoccupied. When activities reach more than five minutes or so, he begins fidgety again and looks for new things to do, leaving his activities unfinished. Looking at the behavior of the children similar to his level, Alex’s actions are not fitting his age and maturity level. While other children of his age are easy to talk to and direct into doing what is acceptable, no encouragement convinced Alex in doing the same. PropositionsGiven that Alex cannot stay focused in his class and because it greatly affects his participation and ultimately his grades, the following interventions were proposed. 1. At the first week, Alex was seated in the front line of the class, near the teacher’s table. This allowed the teacher to keep contact with Alex constantly throughout the class. 2. On the second week, Kara gave Alex a special role in class which allowed him to keep track of other children in class who are not behaving well.Standing and talking were among the activities that Alex kept an eye on. 3. Kara started giving the class periodic activities every ten minutes starting on the third week. Activities include lesson-related works but al so calisthenics and even breaks. 4. At the fourth week, Kara held a conference with the parents and solicited their help in the case. She stressed the importance of keeping themselves present for Alex to aid what depression there may be in Alex. 5. Alex was given short special assignments every other day to make up for his low grades in class.

Alpine Ecosystem

Australian History Glossary: Australia in the Vietnam War Era Subject Specific Terminology Place the following terms next to their correct definition in the table below: Democracy, Robert Menzies, Domino Theory, Arms Race, ANZUS Pact, Capitalism, Ho Chi Minh, Moratorium, Communism, Soviet Union, Viet Cong, SEATO, Indochina, Propaganda, Vietnamisation, Edward ‘Gough’ Whitlam, Political Asylum, Defoliant, Viet Minh, ‘Reds under the bed’, Lyndon B. Johnson, Guerrilla Warfare, Cold War, Conscientious Objector, Veteran Pacifists, Conscription, the Petrov Affair,Term Definition | Australia’s longest serving Prime Minister. He was in office for 17 years and represented the liberal party| | Anti communist alliance formed between Australia, New Zealand and the United States in 1951. | | Refers to Australia’s fear of Communism. Australians were scared because many of the countries in South East Asia were becoming Communist and that meant that we could fa ce problems in the future. Some people were even worried that Australia could become a Communist country, with some Australians joining communist parties. | A political issue involving Communist Russian spies in Australia. In 1954, Vladimir Petrov, a Russian diplomat gave himself up as a spy and asked if he could live in Australia if he promised to give up the names of other Russian Spies living here. His wife, Evdokia, was not given the same treatment and was forced to return to Russia with Russian police (KGB). | | Union of Soviet Socialist Republics which was a group of Communist countries led by Russia. | | A system of government in which there is free and equal participation by the people in the political decision making process. | The collective name given for the former French colonies of Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia. It is located on a peninsular between India and China. | | Economic system in which businesses are privately owned and operated for profit. | | South-East Asia Tr eaty Organisation, the anti communist treaty linking the US, Britain, France, Australia, New Zealand, Pakistan, the Philippines and Thailand from 1954. It was dissolved in 1974. | | Economic system in which, in theory, wealth is shared equally and the means of production, distribution, and exchange are commonly shared. | Conflict between the communist led East, led by the Soviet Union, and the non-communist West led by the USA, after 1945. | | Australian Prime Minister who withdrew Australian troops from the Vietnam War. He was in office from 1972-1975 and represented the Australian Labor Party. | | Person who refuses to fight on moral or ethical grounds. | | The forcible enlistment of men into the armed forces| | Anti Vietnam War protest in which the people stopped work to voice their disapproval against the war. | | A chemical that causes leaves to fall off trees. It was used by the USA in bombing campaigns in the Vietnam War. | Protection granted to an individual who defects from one country to another. | | Information spread to persuade the audience to believe a particular point of view of action. | | Enlisted people who had served in Vietnam but returned with anti-war views. | | The belief of non-communist nations that if South Vietnam fell to Communism so to would vulnerable nations in south east Asia. | | Small scale hit and run warfare by mobile groups who ambush their enemy using limited technology. This was used extremely effectively by the Viet Cong in the Vietnam War. | South Vietnamese communist sympathisers fighting the USA, its allies and the South Vietnamese Army in the Vietnam War. | | An American policy of gradually withdrawing troops from the Vietnam War. | | Leader of the Viet Minh. He died in 1969, six years before the fall of Saigon (now known as Ho Chi Minh City. | | Communist led national liberation movement. Based in North Vietnam, it was formed in 1941 to fight for Vietnam’s independence. | | Competition between nations in the building up of military resources. | | President of USA during the Vietnam War. He visited Australia in 1966 and the phrase â€Å"All the way with LBJ† was coined. |

Red Lobster Case

Bill Daren, restaurant entrepreneur opened his first restaurant at age 18. After opening a few other restaurants, his passion for seafood drove him to open a restaurant with top quality seafood called Red Lobster. Red Lobster was founded in 1968 in Lake Land Florida. One month after its opening Red Lobster, Daren had to expand the restaurant due to its high demand. After two years he had opened four other locations. In 1970 the chain was sold to General Mills, Daren was still the president.By 1975, apart from having a new president, Red Lobster was the first casual dining chain to achieve national scale, to advertise on network television and to have a national seafood distribution system, which was an important competitive asset. In 1982 general Mills Restaurants, Inc used Red Lobster operation platform to create Olive Garden. This corporation also opened other chains such as Longhorn Steakhouse and Capital Grille. Red lobster had an immense success and their goal was always to sust ain the companies historical affordability positioning.Red Lobster stated having some problems; this restaurant had always been top quality seafood with a really affordable price. Some customers were not attracted by the generous portions of affordable food as imagined but instead they were attracted to the desire to use a meal occasion as an opportunity to connect with family and friends. Red Lobster never thought that â€Å"experientials† were their customers and they were not marketing for them. Restaurants were not physically adapted for â€Å"experientials. † Some other issues were that Red Lobster many competitors, also value focus chains such as Chili’s, Applebee’s and Olive Garden.This chains also had seafood in their menus and their menus were much cheaper that one in Red Lobster. In a survey made in 2004, customers believed that Red Lobster was under a category of low-end seafood restaurants that served mass-produced frozen seafood, much of it f ried. Red Lobster never thought that they could be categorized like a low-end seafood restaurant. The appearance of the restaurant and pictures of fried food in the menus were causing customers to question the quality of the food. After doing this investigation, Red Lobster realized that many changes needed to be made.They had many issues that could be easily solved and that could help them in their image to the customers. 2. In 2004 a major leadership change came when Lopdrup became the president of Red Lobster. Prior to the new leader there were indication that the restaurant Red Lobster had slowly begun a downward trend since its place as a forerunner in the industry. Sales in many of the stores had slowly increased but this was mostly due to the aggressive promotions executed in the recent years, but the numbers were nowhere near where the management team wanted them to be.The ratings of Red Lobster’s guest experience had leveled off throughout the recent years and the pe rcentage of â€Å"excellent† ratings had not increase and were stuck at 64%, while the other restaurant owned by the same company was higher at 68%. Also in recent years due to a few factors the seafood category competition had strengthened and dampened the most current efforts of Red Lobster. The introduction of aquaculture has also had a massive effect on the seafood industry. This new movement allows seafood products to be produced in huge numbers with low cost.Since then aquaculture has led to dramatic declines in the cost of seafood, and allowed many new competitors to enter the industry thus increasing competition. The aquaculture had converted salmon and shrimp from luxury items originally sold in Red Lobsters into a mainstream product that is now being sold in many other restaurants that formerly did not carry the pricey product. This also allowed many restaurants not in the seafood category to begin offering seafood, which presented a huge problem to Red Lobster who now has to compete with those outside their specific food restaurant category.Even with the cost declines, seafood was still much more expensive than other proteins, which caused Red Lobster’s menu to more expensive than other value restaurant chains like Chili’s, Applebee’s, and Olive Garden. This presented the problem that Red Lobsters current layout was narrow focused in comparison to many of the other restaurants it competes with. 3. Red lobster is faced with many critical decisions in its near future. After conducting massive amounts of market research it was revealed to Red Lobster the different psychographics regarding the patrons who often utilized their restaurants.The customers were grouped into 5 main categories which included experiential, indulgent, traditionalist, eclectics, and frugal. The information received showed that experiential customers account for 23 percent, indulgent with 24 percent, traditionalists at 18 percent, eclectics the lowest w ith 7 percent and frugal with the highest at 28 percent of their total cliental. The fact that experientials accounted for nearly one-fourth of the total customer base was a surprise for Red Lobster’s management and since currently the organization only semi-concentrated on the traditionalist, frugal, and indulgent.This proposed a problem, should Red Lobster change its approach in respects to product, price, place, promotion, and positioning to better accommodate the needs of the experiential psychographic? With respect to Red Lobster’s positioning was it beneficial for them to keep the â€Å"fresh and approachable seafood† position and if it was decided to not be the right move what would the right position be for the restaurant? This question concerning the positioning also brings up another question, whether the drastic positioning change undertaken would allow the company to keep the restaurant name as Red Lobster.After deciding what position the company wan ted to take were Red Lobster’s advertisements appropriate for the positioning they wanted? The next option in regards to promotion is if it was beneficial to continue their traditional frequent price promotions? Also since each of the different customer bases has different attitudes towards prices, raising or lowering the price points of Red Lobster was another alternative course of action that could be commenced. This also feeds into the product aspect of Red Lobster. Should they be widening the menu further beyond seafood to gain market share from the other premium casual chains?Red Lobster is also faced with the choice to open new locations in relation to the clienteles they plan to focus on, and whether or not to remodel the current restaurants around this concentration. 4. In regards to evaluating each specific course of action, I will begin by going assessing the situation of Red Lobster changing it focus and including the experientials. The main benefit from this would be the fact that the experiential groups is considered one of the best customers for a casual dining chain and were predominantly profitable because they are more likely to order desserts and appetizers and wine.Also this group tends to order more items and are less price sensitive compared to the other groups of indulgent, frugal, and traditionalist. However if decided to focus on this group there would be many changes need towards the current position, price, place, and promotion. Since the experientials have very high culinary standards and high expectations for service and atmosphere, Red Lobster would need to reassess their current â€Å"place† situation. To account for the higher standards of atmospherics desired by this group it would be necessary for Red Lobster to remodel their current tores to a more upscale restaurant. This will attract more experientials, but would be very costly for the company. In regards to promotions alterations would also be required. With R ed Lobster currently offering many price promotions to draw in the frugal and more price sensitive groups this would not be an issue with the experientials. Therefore the current promotions would need to be changed to align with the experiential groups. This would be a benefit in regards to less promotional expenses and higher margins.With respect to Red Lobsters positioning they may need to adjust this in order to accommodate the experientials needs for high service, upscale atmosphere, diverse menus, and culinary expertise. Changing the Red Lobster position could be very costly and challenging due to the fact that the company will need to undue all of its prior positioning efforts and modify what the fact that customers see Red Lobster as a low end restaurant serving mass-produced frozen seafood into the thought of it being a high end establishment that offered top quality, fresh seafood prepared with culinary expertise.If the Red Lobsters focus is shifted and all of these aspects modified the company may see their current customers become aggravated at the alterations and discontinue patronizing the establishment. However if Red Lobster chose to stay with its current configuration aimed at the frugal, traditionalist, and indulgent groups they would not need to massively alter its current price, place, promotion, and position situations.This would be much less of a cost burden when compared to changing the focus towards experientials and would have a lower risk of loosing their current loyal customers. Nevertheless the lack of change could also result in a continued downward trend in the restaurants overall performance. Red lobster could also have the alternative to continue down the same path oriented towards the traditionalist, frugal, and indulgent but update their positioning in regards to their stance in product, price, promotion, and positioning.

Television and its Impact on Teenagers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Television and its Impact on Teenagers - Essay Example Television sells, and it not only sells advertising, it sells ideas. The teenage mind is at a stage where it is open to new ideas, experimentation, and is easily swayed by a sense of status through images. Teenagers, often alienated by their parents and the educational system, seek an identity and want to be a part of a reference or in-group. Teenagers will copy what they view on television and the media industry should be pro-active in monitoring all their programming, measuring its social impact, and assuring that it is fit for all viewers, and especially teenagers. When we consider what a teenager may take from television and incorporate into their own life, sex immediately comes to mind. If the teenager feels disconnected from society, or neglected and unloved, they are in a prime position to seek out inappropriate sex. When television romanticizes sex between 13 year olds, the child will be led to believe that this action will bring them status and love. A study by Brown et al. found that regular viewing of sex on television, "accelerates white adolescents' sexual activity and increases their risk of engaging in early sexual intercourse" (1018). It would be irresponsible to encourage a young teenage girl to have sex in any other setting or format. Yet, it is routinely done on television. The industry must self-regulate the television programming and reduce the exposure that young teens have to sexual content. Drugs are another subject that the media inappropriately presents to teenagers, which encourages them to experiment. Often, television portrays drugs in a positive light and fails to show the tragic consequences that accompany drug use. Teenagers learn which drugs are available, where to get them, and how to use them. Television has essentially become a drug education program. Studies have shown that there has been an increase in movies that portray drug use as a "relatively common and carefree behavior among teen characters in teen-centered films" (Stern 342). Teenagers copy this behavior while assuming they will have the same outcome as the characters in the film. In fact, the media industry could show drug use among teens in a more negative context with a more realistic outcome. This could lessen teenagers' misguided view of the consequences of using drugs. Sex and drugs are activities that an average teenager may engage in with or without the encouragement of television, but violence is something that most teens intrinsically avoid. Yet, television programming has the power to desensitize a teenager's mind to violence and make it more acceptable. As teens view a barrage of violence against women, society, and acquaintances on television, they begin to view this as normal behavior. It is commonly accepted that violence, especially in children's television programming, has escalated in recent years, and the results have been disastrous. A large-scale and long-term study reported by Browne and Hamilton-Giachritsis found a close association between increased viewing of television violence and the "likelihood of subsequent antisocial behaviour, such as threatening aggression, assault or physical fights resulting in injury, and robbery" (703). While we may be able to get a teenager off drugs, or encourage them to curtail their sexual activit y, violent tendencies are deeply ingrained into the

Integrated Project Management Tools Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Integrated Project Management Tools - Essay Example The work breakdown structure (WBS) is basically a tool used to define work elements of a project and it identifies its entire scope. It can also be defined as a tool which identifies all the aspects of the project and above all it assists managers in maintaining control of the project. It is usually designed in a hierarchical form and its very fundamental because it helps in the evaluation of performance, cost and time at all stages of a projects Lifecycle in an organization. In this stage, the scope of the project which refers to the end result is used for planning and measuring the project. Therefore, this idea becomes of great assistance to managers because it gives the scope between the management and customers. Furthermore, it gives the objectives and goals of the project. The WBS is significant due to the fact that it gives the deliverables, milestones, technical requirements and limits and exclusions. Hence, the generic WBS is a very significant item for the breakthrough of a project. It assisted in breaking down the workload of the project and increased efficiency in handling all the required tasks. It was also important because it was time saving and economical.The scheduling system falls under the project management information system (PMIS). PMIS therefore refers to all the techniques and tools used in project management to deliver, monitor and manage project’s information. In order to use the scheduling system, there has to be softwares to be used for data manipulation and computation.

Securities act of 1933 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Securities act of 1933 - Essay Example In fact, this law was brought into light after the great depression in 1929 in the US economy. By means of fraudulent activities, many companies sold fake securities based on false information and thus huge investment from the investors went in vain. So, underlying principle of 1933 act was to help potential investors get information about the company (issuer) and its securities that are offered for sale publicly. This overt expression from the issuer, thereby results a more concerned securities market because the investor were fully aware of the background of the company and their securities before investing money into purchase. Thus, it was a pressing need for a first major federal law which can govern the unstable situation in a uniform manner. In fact, from the buyer point of view, it was really inspiring step to make the issuers conformed to certain rules as to disclose their information accurately before they offer or sale securities. Regardless of whether securities must be registered, the 1933 Act makes it illegal to commit fraud in conjunction with the offer or sale of securities. A scammed investor can sue for recovery under the 1933 Act. Rule 144, promulgated by the SEC under the 1933 Act, permits, under limited circumstances, the sale of restricted and controlled securities without registration.. The amount of securities sold during any subsequent 3-month period generally does not exceed any of the following limitations: 1% of the stock outstanding, The avg. weekly reported volume of trading in the securities on all national securities exchanges for the preceding 4 weeks, and The avg. weekly volume of trading of the securities reported through the consolidated transactions reporting system (NASDAQ). Regulation S is a "safe harbor" that defines when an offering of 'securities' will be deemed to come to rest abroad and therefore not be subject to the registration obligations imposed under Section 5 of the 1933 Act. Civil Liability under the 1933 Securities Act Any violation of the registration requirements can be a cause to civil liability for the issuer and underwriters Sections 11, 12(a) (1) or 12(a) (2) of the Act. Additional

Models in Today's Business Worlds Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Models in Today's Business Worlds - Term Paper Example Modeling and simulation emerged as a result of their use in the manufacturing systems however, over the period of time, their use has been extended into different areas thus allowing a larger base of business problems to be analyzed and explored with the help of these techniques. Business modeling is now widely used in the financial services sector where it is not only being used to develop some strategic level alternatives but also to perform the credit analysis of the counterparties as well as assessing the risks of different decisions. Business modeling and simulation techniques therefore can greatly increase the overall process of decision making and provide management a range of alternatives and their impact on the firm value in the short as well as in long run. This paper will attempt to discuss what business modeling and simulation is how it is being used by the businesses nowadays and how it can really help improve the business. Modeling and Simulation Simulation can be used to represent some or all of the key characteristics or behaviors of some real of physical object or event. In order to understand the overall process of simulation and modeling, it is important to explore the system methodology which is used to explore what the system is and how simulation and modeling can actually describe a system. System is considered as something which exists in time and space whereas model is a simplified version of a system which attempt to promote the overall understanding of a real system. Simulation however, is the manipulation of the model in order to compress it so that one can be enabled to perceive the interactions of the system with the different situations. A system is therefore considered as an entity which maintains its overall existence when different parts of the system interact with each other. Model however, is just the representation of the whole system or different parts of it. (Bellinger, 2004) The above definition and explanation therefore s uggests that the modeling and simulation is an attempt to develop a level of understanding of either the whole system or parts of it. Simulation is also often considered as the computer version of the model to define the range of outcomes which may be achieved through the different assumed interactions. It is important to note that modeling and simulation are considered as an art as well as a science also because the overall improvement in the use and development of different models under different scenarios can only be achieved through the practice. This is therefore considered as an art because the ability to develop the understanding of how to build realistic models and simulate them can only improve when one practices it under different realistic scenarios. (Greasley, 2004) Organizations use both the simulation as well as the modeling in different manners in order to achieve different objectives. Following section will discuss some of the ways as to how the businesses actually u se both the modeling and simulation. How businesses use simulation and modeling? There is a widespread use of both the simulation as well as the modeling techniques in the businesses across different industries. The initial use of these techniques were only limited to the manufacturing activities however, over the period of time, the overall range of use of such techniques have increased. Some of

Recent research (Kornberger et al, 2010) suggests that despite a Essay

Recent research (Kornberger et al, 2010) suggests that despite a number of initiatives, the proportion of women accountants reac - Essay Example Nonetheless, despite the presence of many women one perceives one of the most glaring contradictions of the contemporary period – as women outnumber men in the universities and continuously demonstrate their abilities and skills in undertaking productive labour, extremely few women have made it in the higher echelon of management (Baron & Newman, 1980; Castilla, 2008; Reskin, 1988; Valian, 1998). Although this truism is manifested in, almost all segments of the labour sector, its actuality is clear and evident in the profession of accounting. In a study, Kornberger, Carter and Ross-Smith (2010) have found out that despite a number of initiatives in removing the underrepresentation of women accountants in the upper strata of firms, the proportion of women accountants reaching partner level remains much lower than other levels in the firm. Recognising the prevalence of discrimination in the profession of accounting (Gherardi & Pogio, 2007; Kornberger et al., 2010; Lehmann, 1992) , this study will evaluate the various factors deemed to impede the advancement of women accountants and minority groups. ... The first part is the introduction wherein the issue of the research, purpose of the study, the significance of the research, the methodology use in the study, the structure of the paper and the hope of the researcher are laid down. The next part will deal with the barriers that inhibit women’s progress in the accounting profession, while in the third segment; possible solutions will be proffered to address the issue. Finally, the fourth section will be the conclusion of the study. In the end, it is the hope of the researcher that this study may contribute to the clarification of the issues raised in the research and, in a way, offer workable solutions to gender inequality in the profession of accounting. The Alienating Factors Accounting as a profession responds to the challenges posed by the global society (Shafer, Ketchand & Morris, 2004). The responses are not limited only in coming up with conceptual frameworks that will further empower the clients and the public, especia lly after the global economic downturn. It also includes the endeavour of connecting the theoretical frameworks of accounting with reality, thus addressing not only the fundamental epistemological and methodological issues of the field but also its socio-political and economic concerns (Brewster, 2003; Nelson, 1995; Shafer, Ketchand & Morris, 2004). This thrust is significant as it counters the notion that accounting is neutral, objective and that its service is primarily to the client only (Carter, Clegg & Kornberger, 2010). It is in the context of change and challenges that the alienating factors hindering the advancement of women in the profession is highlighted (Gallhofer, 1998). Women’s struggle for emancipation is long and arduous (Firestone, 1972; Tong,

Delegating for Growth Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Delegating for Growth - Essay Example They fear loosing status, hence fail to assign high-profile jobs to their staff, and delegation of work is compromised, as the rookie manager is afraid of being resented by his peers (Walker, 2002, p.4). Secondly, rookie managers tend to depend highly on their bosses; this is usually a sign of disaster, since the new mangers will not learn to do his duties on his own. However, setting up brief meetings with their bosses may be of help to the new managers. In addition, lack of confidence contributes to a manager’s failure to inspire their team. These managers face the challenge of addressing their staff members. Other than addressing the problem faced by their staff, they sit back hoping things will improve, whilst the other staff members become frustrated by their lack of actions. Lack of experience from managers compromises the efforts of addressing a problem that is affecting the organization and the team as well (Walker, 2002, p.7). Therefore, there is need to train the roo kie managers on managerial skills so as to ensure that they understand their new roles, hence delivering effectively. Supporting arguments. Delegation of duties is a function of a manager. Walker (p 4) insists that a rookie manager needs to understand that his new role has nothing to do with personal achievement; instead, it entails building his staff members. However, these rookie managers tend to have insecurities especially when assigning duties to their staff members, as they fear that the employees may outdo them. Therefore, managerial skills are very important, as they enable the new managers to understand their roles; these managers need training and coaching to enable them deliver. The new managers need to be trained on how to delegate tasks effectively, hence enabling them to develop talented staffs that are an advantage to the company. Therefore, the managers will not be insecure about assigning duties effectively without prejudice. Supporting the new managers is necessary . When rookie managers are supported by their bosses, work life becomes easier; however, the kind of support given may be at a disadvantage, for instance, heavy reliance on their bosses could render them reluctant. Walker (p5) insists that managers should only consult their bosses on critical issues, but not on the nitty-gritty ones. Brief meetings between the bosses and the managers are necessary, whereby, the new manager can ask questions and receive feedback on the pressing issues. The new manager is then able to organize his thoughts on how to deal with his staff members. In addition, a manager should be capable of projecting confidence to enable him inspire the team members This is due to the rapid changing technology that requires every manager to be updated and capable of dealing with challenging issues; failure to this leads to stress in the place of work. The ability to deal with arising problems by addressing them other than watching and ignoring the situation is paramount for a manager. Employees gain confidence in a manager who addresses the problems affecting them and certainly puts the matter to rest, thus giving employees the will to perform. Bruch & Ghoshal (p5) add that, managers are not expected to do the inevitable; however, focused managers respond immediately to any arising issue that interferes with the organizational goals. It is however important for the managers to adopt managerial skills before being

Gender representations in The Big Bang Theory Essay

Gender representations in The Big Bang Theory - Essay Example This study aims at giving insight on how the use of gender representation is utilized in The Big Bang Theory to attract a large audience. As indicated by the title, this project explores the gender representations in The Big Bang Theory. There have been other studies about this subject too. However, what makes The Big Bang Theory a classical study is the controversial sexist position it adapts. This is the reason why this research aims at conducting a scientific inquiry on the unbalanced gender portrayal. One of the sets of questions that urgently require addressing is the relationship of discourses of gender in the media. For instance, what contributes to the popularity of The Big Bang Theory show notwithstanding the unsurpassed gender misrepresentation overriding in the show? This study will compare, contrast, investigate, examine, develop, and evaluate the subject matter. An proper indulgent of the facts contributing to the popularity of the show is quite significant as it would i ndicate the exact reasons as to why the various attempts to fight for egalitarianism have never been prolific. . It is beneficial to gain an appreciation regarding gender representations, the values and ideologies presented in The Big Bang Theory as this might aid in formulation and implementation of effective policies to circumvent the menace, change people’s psychological perspectives on gender and improve societal welfare and amalgamation.

Controlling and Harmonising Brand Identity, Image, and Personality of Essay

Controlling and Harmonising Brand Identity, Image, and Personality of Apple 03041 - Essay Example Brand identity helps a company to bring out its individualism and for this reason; management and employees help to bring out the real brand image. The Apple Brand competes across the markets, while evolving and expanding its range of products and services. Aaker and Kaprer’s Brand identities Models are popular in the business world, and apple successfully continues their application as discussed below. Brand identity and brand personality remain contentious issues hence the need for Apple Brand to introduce new and effective branding strategies in this competitive market. As Viot (2011) reveals, a brand is the presentation of the product that goes far beyond its intrinsic characteristics. It provokes emotional feeling and attraction when the target clients sites such a product. Brand identity involves the visible elements of a brand including design, colours, name, logo, and symbol, which together identify while distinguishing the product in the client’s mind (Ghodeswar 2008). Identification of the brand roots on the brand produce, the individual, the corporation, or the symbol. There are diverse advantages that comes along with brand identity. Differentiation of the products heightens the products identification to the consumers (Chaudhuri & Holbrook 2001). Furthermore, the target users will have an informed opinion about the product, hence an already created product preference. Eventually, there is creation of value perception to the product users (Madhavaram et al. 2005). Most primarily, brand identity leads to the formation of intellectual property, an element that escalates the product value hence the firm has the mandate to controlling the value of purchase and utilization (Janonis et al. 2007). There are different models of identification including Aaker’s and Kapferer’s Brand identity Model. When it comes to strategic analysis of any company,

In View of Traditional and Modern Ethics Essay Example for Free

In View of Traditional and Modern Ethics Essay Introduction The study of philosophy has long been a part of our society. The field of ethics is one of the important branches of philosophy. Ethics deals about moral values our understanding of what is right or wrong, about life, about one’s rights and regarding the Divine being. What we are now is the product of the past. Ethics mold our personality. It is how we live our lives. Ethics guides us in seeking the answers to the many different queries we have in mind like why we exist, why we long for true happiness, and why can’t we avoid immoral acts. Traditional vs. Modern Ethics The focus of traditional ethics differs from the modern ethics in many ways. Traditional ethics goes back during the times of Plato, Aristotle, and Socrates in the ancient times. These ideas of traditional ethics have become the basis of succeeding ethics foundations. The ethics being promoted today has already existed before. The world has changed. People have also changed. Thus, ethics change to adapt to the changes in the world and the people’s perspective. Ethical and political philosophy awakening started as early as 5th century B.C. in Greece by the Sophist. They desired to discover the essence of moral virtues, the â€Å"form of good† which is the ultimate source of reality and value. There are a number of themes or doctrines that emerged. These are skepticism, relativism, subjectivism, egoism, and hedonism. Some ethical egoists suggested that one’s highest objective is to lead a pleasant life focusing on his or her pleasures. It gave birth to Epicureanism and Stoicism. During the medieval times the Christianization of ethics took place with the coming of St. Augustine, St. Hildegard, and St. Thomas Aquinas. Later on utilitarianism emerged and also philosophers like Thomas Hobbes, Immanuel Kant, and John Stuart Mill. Around 18th and 19th centuries moral philosophy focused on politics. People were also exposed to Liberalism, Marxism, Communism, and Anarchism. Recent moral and political philosophers introduce the concept of normative ethics, emotivist, invisible hand mechanism, conservatism, socialism, and democratic socialism to name a few. Philosophers include G.E. Moore, W.D. Ross, John Rowls and other important names. Conclusion Moral issues are important concern for all people not just for the philosophers. All the philosophers from the ancient to the modern times have contributed to our own system of beliefs regarding life and the many issues of human existence. Indeed traditional and modern ethics are related and supportive of each other. Ideas of the traditional ethics are the foundation of the modern ethics. Advocates of modern ethics customized or revised the concepts of the traditional ethics to fit today’s society. Both traditional and modern ethics have influenced the way people think and analyze life and their society. Reference Moore-Bruder, (2005). â€Å"Moral and Political Philosophy.† Philosophy: The Power of Ideas, Sixth Edition. The McGraw-Hill Companies

The History Of The Marxist Feminist Sociology Essay

The History Of The Marxist Feminist Sociology Essay Feminists fight for the equality of women and argue that women should share equally in societys opportunities and scare resources. Through the ages woman were seen as the production of children, mothers and wives, they do the cooking, cleaning, sewing and washing, they take care of their husbands and are largely excluded from high-status occupations and from position of power. Patriarchy is a society in which the oldest male is the leader of the family, or a society controlled by men in whom they use their power to their own advantage and is the inequality the women experience within the family and background. It is important to outline that not all feminists believe in the same concepts, that is some feminists come from different branches and they have their own ideal concept and ideologies. The development of feminism has led to attention being focused on the subordinate position of women in many societies. Most Feminists tend to see society as divided into different social groups which are: Marxist Feminist Marxist feminist focus on social institutions of private property and capitalism. Marxist see the male domination as the one who provides capitalism to the family while the woman will eventually stay at home to raise the children and supply of labour. Inequality does not stand from the economic system but in the patriarchy. Some argue that there is inequality, but its not man who is causing it or those women are weak but we analyse inequality with a boarder social system. Example: Margaret Benston (1970s) argues that womens labour power in family is unpaid and so they are seen as the secondary breadwinners of the family which result into cheap and easily exploitable labour. To pay woman for their work, even at minimum scale, would result into a massive redistribution of wealth. Mens/ Labourers work must compensate for two people: their own wage and that of the wife. According to Fran Ansley she sees the emotional support given by the wife when her own husband absorbs his own frustration and anger with her. Radical Feminist There are many varieties of radical families, in fact this is a theory of or by woman. The patriarchal or the male domination is the most universal form of domination and society which eventually forms the widest, suffering and deepest female oppression in society, regardless of your economic background, colour, and class. Womens oppression provides a conceptual model for understanding all other forms of oppression. E.g. the focus of Radical Feminists is largely on the violence that women suffer, and their social subjugation through violent behavior inflicted by men. They believe that this is what keeps women oppressed whether they are rich or poor, black or white, educated or illiterate. The focus of Radical feminism is therefore on fighting gender related violence. Separatist Radical Feminist state that there is no point in changing mens behaviour or attitude, woman must be separated from men to lead non-exploitative lives. Example: Delphy and Leonard (1992) see the family as an economic system and it revolves around labour relations in which men will benefit from. Feminists see the family as a way for men to dominate women, men are usually the head of the house hold and benefit from the work that gets done e.g. making dinner, cleaning, bringing up kids and so on. Liberal Feminist Liberal Feminism is based on gender equality which means that both genders should have equal pay, better working jobs condition, education, individual achievement etc. All people are created equal and should not be denied equality of opportunity because of gender. Liberal Feminists focus their efforts on social change through the construction of legislation and regulation of employment practices which should be set by society for girls and boys, and men and women. Gaining job opportunities and being paid and promoted equally in traditionally male-dominated occupations is an important goal to liberal feminist. Someone might ask but what do woman want? Liberal feminism answers: mostly, what men want: to get an education, to make a decent living, to provide for ones family. So, the primary obstacle to equality is sexism which means that there is a belief that the members of one sex are less intelligent, able, skilful, etc. than the members of the other sex, especially that women are les s able than men. In the above paragraph I described liberal feminism in theory of work that focuses more on issues like equality of workplace, in education, in political rights but it is important to outline that liberal feminism looks at situations which are more private. Example liberal feminists tend to support marriage as an equal partnership, and more male involvement when it comes to child care. Another example is that of domestic violence. Ending domestic violence and sexual harassment have to do with removing obstacles to women achieving on an equal level with men. Nowadays liberal feminist see that both genders are becoming equal and that it improved. Example: Jennifer Somerville (2000) encourages realistic policies which results into gender equality. Some modern men are voluntarily committed to sharing in those routines necessities of the family survival, even though men do not take full share of responsibilities. Difference Feminist Some feminist writers might disagree with the above aspects. Instead, they believe that ones experience might be different than that of another individual. For example: they do not believe that all husbands treat there wife badly or are equally disadvantaged in all types of work, or that looking after her children is a stressful thing. They only emphasis on the experience of womanhood by taking into consideration ones variables e.g. beliefs, employment, race, religion etc. still they do believe that woman are oppressed but they do not see it as affecting all women. Example a white rich woman lives in a more comfortable setting than that of a black poor woman.

The shear strength of soils

The shear strength of soils Introduction The shear strength of soils is essential for any kind of stability analysis. Therefore, it is important to determine reliable values. For this purpose triaxial tests are most appropriate. Nevertheless, direct shear tests are mostly performed to determine the shear strength of soils. From the tests result a clearer picture of the soil strata, there will be Direct Shear Test where the data can be interpreted and correlated info soil parameters. The soil parameters will be designed accordingly to the characteristic of the soil at the site itself. This case study is about evaluating contamination for the specific site. It involves the interpretation and manipulation of data from the Shear test and chemical tests. The whole process will be determination of contamination and measure its effect on the soil and then propose some remediation practices and methods. Part (1) Soils Contaminants Soils are categorized according to the contaminants present (type and amount); Soils that contain contaminants below regulatory concern Soils that contain hazardous waste Non-hazardous 1. Hazardous Soil that contains hazardous waste must be managed as such when contamination is above the nonhazardous waste limits or is otherwise classified a hazardous waste. The only options for soils that contain a hazardous waste are on-site remediation or off-site management as a hazardous waste. 2. Non-Hazardous Contaminated soil is non-hazardous when both of the following criteria are met: a. The contaminant levels are above the most stringent soil cleanup criteria established by NJDEP. b. The waste is not classified as a hazardous waste. 3. Soils That Contain Contaminants Below Regulatory Concern Soils that contain contaminants at levels that are below the most stringent site cleanup levels established by NJDEP for a specific site are not of regulatory concern with the exception of sites in the Pinelands Area Brownfield sites come in all sizes and shapes The Brownfield Law created four different cleanup â€Å"tracks.† Cleanup levels at these tracks are based, in whole or in part, upon the sites future anticipated use. A site to be used for industrial purposes, for instance, would not have to be cleaned up as much as a site intended for commercial use. (See Appendix A for a description of each of the tracks). Clesn Up Site cleanups can be conducted by federal, state, or local government agencies and/or their contractors, by private parties responsible for the discharge of the hazardous substances, or by purchasers of land who did not cause the contamination but are willing to pay for and conduct the cleanup. Private parties can be directed by DEP to conduct cleanups or individuals can come to the department voluntarily and offer to do part of or all of a cleanup. Cleanups can be conducted to allow for any future use of the land: from residences, schools, and day care centers to commercial buildings, or new industrial uses. Cleanups can also be conducted to turn formerly contaminated sites into parkland for passive and/or active recreation. The level of cleanup required to protect human health and the environment is determined by the end use envisioned for the property. Obviously, cleanup to more stringent standards is required when people will be living on the property, or when sensitive populations such as children will be using the property for schools or recreation. Protectiveness can be obtained by either totally removing the contaminants of concern, or by treating them, or by limiting access to the substances by creating barriers to contact, such as with soil or other types of capping material. Certain cleanups can be conducted â€Å"at risk† by private individuals, with little oversight by the state. However, cleanups involving ground and surface waters must be conducted with DEPs oversight because the state is the trustee for those natural resources. Most parties conducting remediation will come to DEP for oversight if they desire a â€Å"No Further Action† (NFA) letter at the end of the process. That letter certifies that the states regulations have been met as of a specific date, as described specifically in the letter. With the NFA comes a â€Å"Covenant Not to Sue,† which defines those parties who are no longer liable to conduct additional cleanup at the site. Part (2) Direct Shear Test A. Shear Strength In the Mohr-Coulomb theory of failure, shear strength has two components: one for inherent strength due to bonds or attractive forces between particles, the other produced by frictional resistance to shearing movement The shear strength of cohesionless soils is limited to the frictional component. When the direct shear test is used to investigate a cohesionless soil, successive tests with increasing normal stress will establish a straight line that passes through the origin. The angle of inclination of the line with respect to the horizontal axis is the angle of internal friction. Values of the angle of internal friction are given in the following table. If the soil is dense when tested, initially higher values for the angle of internal friction will be measured, but with increasing amounts of strain, the angle will decline to the approximate ranges seen in the Table. SOIL TYPE ANGLE φ, DEGREES Sand and gravel mixture 33 36 Well-graded sand 32 35 Fine to medium sand 29 32 Silty sand 27 32 Silt (non-plastic) 26 30 The shear strength of a cohesive soil is more complicated than a cohesionless material. The differences are due to the role of pore water in a cohesive soil. Most cohesive soils in field conditions are at or near saturation because of their tendency to hold moisture and their low permeability. When load is applied to a soil of this type, the load is supported by an increase in the pore-water pressure until pore-water can drain into regions of lower pressure. At that point, soil particles are forced closer together and the strength increases, just like a cohesionless soil. Time is an important factor however, because it takes longer for water to move out of a low permeability material. Direct Shear Test: Results of the direct shear tests should be evaluated statistically. The statistical assessment in the shear box test includes the values of friction angle (Ï•) and cohesion (c), derived from the Mohr-Coulomb regression line, and the (original) measured values of peak shear strength. In previous publications only the derived parameters Ï• and c were taken into account. As the most important result the investigations have shown that it makes a remarkable difference whether the pair of variables Ï• and c or peak shear strength is considered. http://www.csus.edu/indiv/c/cornwell/engineering/9-20-06.pdf Direct Shear Box Test Procedure: 1. Bring the shear box together http://www.civil.mrt.ac.lk/docs/direct_shear_test 2. Compact the soil sample (which has reached the optimum moisture content) in the mould. 3. Place the sample into the shear box 4. Record the weight of the applied load and place the loading plate on top of the upper porous plate http://www.civil.mrt.ac.lk/docs/direct_shear_test 5. Remove the alignment screws to hold the shear box together. 6. Tighten the diagonally opposite screws to reduce the frictional force. 7. Reset the dial gauges. 7. Apply the normal load. 8. Start the motor to produce the desired constant rate of shearing 9. Take readings from the gauges, a) Proving ring. b) Horizontal displacement. c) Vertical displacement. 10. When the shear load starts to reduce or remains constant stop the test http://www.civil.mrt.ac.lk/docs/direct_shear_test A. Data Proving ring Horizontal (0.001 in) Vertical Time 0 9.00 0.00 00:00 5 9.11 0.00 00:30 15 9.12 0.00 01:00 15.5 9.26 0.00 01:30 18.5 9.38 0.00 02:00 20 9.63 0.00 03:00 22 9.87 0.00 04:00 23 10.12 0.00 05:00 24 10.36 0.00 06:00 23 10.62 0.00 07:00 24 10.87 0.00 08:00 26 11.12 0.00 09:00 25 11.37 0.00 10:00 26 11.62 0.00 11:00 27 11.87 0.00 12:00 27 12.12 0.00 13:00 27.5 12.37 0.00 14:00 28 12.62 0.00 15:00 28 12.87 0.00 16:00 29 13.11 0.00 17:00 28 13.37 0.00 18:00 31 13.62 0.00 19:00 29.5 13.87 0.00 20:00 Results Shear stress Kpa Horizontal (0.001 in) Time 0.000 9.00 00:00 0.951 9.11 00:30 2.862 9.12 01:00 2.950 9.26 01:30 3.528 9.38 02:00 3.812 9.63 03:00 4.194 9.87 04:00 4.381 10.12 05:00 4.577 10.36 06:00 4.381 10.62 07:00 4.577 10.87 08:00 4.959 11.12 09:00 4.763 11.37 10:00 4.959 11.62 11:00 5.145 11.87 12:00 5.145 12.12 13:00 5.243 12.37 14:00 5.331 12.62 15:00 5.331 12.87 16:00 5.527 13.11 17:00 5.331 13.37 18:00 5.527 13.62 19:00 5.625 13.87 20:00 FAILUER = 5.527 kpa. Part (3) Contamination Assessment PH Measurements: PH measurements were measured against TSS results, While no apparent correlation was found between pH and salinity; samples presenting higher pH generally had higher TSS concentrations, as indicated in the figure below. The addition of cement (and its effect on turbidity) appears to have had a noticeable effect on pH. In addition to the various testing that was performed as part of this study, two additional studies beyond the original scope were conducted: (a) an evaluation of the effect that organic content found within silt sediments would have on soil-cement hydration and strength gain, and (b) an assessment of whether the cement stabilization/solidification of contaminated sediments immobilizes organic and inorganic contaminants within the sediment. Part (4) Remediation. Chemical Fixation And Solidification Taking into consideration to select the best fit remediation method and conserve ecosystem and trying not to undergo major landscape disruption. One alternative to dredging and disposing of contaminated sediment is to solidify the sediment in-situ using CDSM, and cover the stabilized sediment with a cap. In this scenario, the mixing is a viable way to reduce the potential for highly contaminated sediments to be eroded over time by natural hydrologic events, vessel traffic or dredging. In situations where decisions regarding removal of sediment have not yet been made or if management alternatives (decontamination) are not yet fully developed, the CDSM technology can be used to stabilize sediment for later removal. Chemical fixation and Solidification, CFS, also commonly referred to as Solidification/Stabilization Treatment, S/S, is a widely used treatment for the management of a broad range of wastes, especially those classified as hazardous. The initial application of the technology in the United States dates back to the 1950s when it was fruitfully used to treat and dispose of radioactive waste. The USEPA considers S/S an established treatment technology, and has identified it as the best demonstrated available technology, BDAT, for 57 RCRA-listed wastes. It is anticipated that 30% of the CERCLA (Superfund) remediation sites include the use of S/S. There is an ample body of technical literature that documents the fundamentals for applying S/S, as well as the practical experience using the technology in a wide variety of wastes, contaminants and chemical matrices. The applicability of using S/S to immobilize the principal contaminants in the Passaic River sediments was evaluated. The following sections briefly summarize those findings. There are several additives mentioned in the literature as potential enhancers of the PCB immobilization. These depend on the particular conditions of the application: 1. Organically modified clays 2. Activated carbon 3. Ferric hydroxide 4. Rubber particulate A well-documented case where S/S was used for the immobilization of PCBs in contaminated soils is provided in the Yellow Water Road Dump in Duval County, Florida. Where In that case, a superfund site that started remedial action in 1984 was removed from the NPL in 1999. During the remedial activities, 4472 cubic yards of PCB contaminated soils were excavated and treated with S/S and placed back within the former operations area of the site. A groundwater monitoring program was established, and monitoring wells were installed to evaluate the future need for contingent pump-and-treat remedy. The site was monitored as part of the EPA five-year review program. In September 2000, the five-year-review report established that the selected remedy remained protective of human health and the environment. Site inspections and groundwater monitoring continue to ensure long-term protectiveness. Out-Of-State Recycling For recycling soils out-of-state, a written determination from NJDEP is required as to the non-applicability of the solid waste management regulations set forth in N.J.A.C. 7:26-1 et seq. For sites without a Site Remediation Program lead (i.e., Industrial Site Recovery Act, Bureau of Underground Storage Tanks, Bureau of Field Operations) and for the recycling of soil as a solid process waste, contact the Bureau of Resource Recovery and Technical Programs (609/984-6985). Sites with a Site Remediation Program lead must send this information in lieu of a Soil Reuse Proposal to the assigned case manager for an approval. The following are the standard requirements pursuant to (N.J.A.C. 7:26-1) for approval to send soils out-of-state: a. A letter, sent to the Bureau of Resource Recovery and Technical Programs from the generator of soil, certifying that the soil in question has been analyzed or is known in accordance with N.J.A.C. 7:26G-5.1 not to contain a hazardous waste. This also must include any necessary test results documenting that the soil contains constituents and hazardous waste characteristics below their regulatory levels. b. A letter sent to the Solid and Hazardous Waste Division from the receiving a facility stating that they agree to accept the specified amount of soil, indicating intention and method to beneficially use or reuse the soil and the time frame for such activity from the date of receipt at the facility. In addition, a copy of this information must be sent directly to the solid waste coordinator of the county of the soils origin. c. A letter sent to the Solid and Hazardous Waste Division from the proper regulatory agency of the receiving state or a copy of a current facility permit verifying that facility is operating in accordance with applicable rules and regulations and can accept the soils for the declared use/reuse. d. Once the soil is delivered to the identified use/reuse facility, a letter from the facility or a bill of lading stating the date and amount of soil received must be sent to Solid and Hazardous Waste Division and the solid waste coordinator of the county of the soils origin. Operational Landfill Cover Operating landfills that are permitted to accept ID 27 waste may use non-hazardous soil for daily landfill cover with approval from the Bureau of Landfill and Recycling Management. Fine grained soils which may create erosion problems or are easily windblown are prohibited for use as daily cover. Brownfield sites are found in both urban and rural settings and the present challenges that make the cleanup and redevelopment of these sites unique as compared with other real estate projects. Brownfield sites deal with four key issues, including: Environmental Liability Developers, land owners, and prospective associated with the propertys history can be successfully addressed. Financial Barriers Private financial institutions or investors may be reluctant to provide loans for sites impacted by real or perceived environmental contamination. Cleanup Activities Redeveloping a brownfield site may take longer than that of a typical real estate development if remediation is warranted. Feasible Reuse A viable plan for putting the site back into productive use based upon the localitys goals and well researched information are critical to successful redevelopment. Despite these challenges significant opportunities exist for brownfield redevelopment which can economically revitalize an area and improve the quality of life for communities. Brownfield redevelopment is also an ideal time to integrate a number of sustainability features that can result in improved storm water management, reduced air emissions and energy consumption, and preserve the history and culture of our communities. The purpose of this guide is to provide a starting point for information about brownfield redevelopment planning, regulatory considerations and resources available from the federal Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Iowa Departments of Economic Development and Natural Resources. 6. References 1- NJDEP. Discussion Paper on Landfill Closure and Remediation Issues.(1993). 2- Environmental Protection Agency. Handbook for Remedial Action at Waste Disposal Sites. 3- Bujang B.K. Huat et al., (2007) Modified shear box test apparatus for measuring shear strength of unsaturated residual soil , Faisal Hj. Ali, S.Hashim , Thomson Gale (December 27, 2007) 4- Marcel van der Perk, (2009), Soil and Water Contamination: From Molecular to Catchment Scale, TF Books UK; 1 edition (January 28, 2009) Appendix A Description Of The Brownfield Cleanup Tracks The statute establishes four different â€Å"tracks† that a developer can follow in remediating a site. Under Track 1, a remedial program â€Å"shall achieve a cleanup level that will allow the site to be used for any purpose without restriction and without reliance on the long-term employment of institutional or engineering controls.† ECL 27-1415(4). With respect to soil remediation, the statute directs that Track 1 cleanups â€Å"shall achieve† the generic SCOs designed to allow for unrestricted future use of the property. Id. A developer who remediates a site to Track 1 standards receives a greater tax credit than is available for remediation under the other three tracks. Under Track 2, a remedial program â€Å"may include restrictions on the use of the site or reliance on the long-term employment of engineering and/or institutional controls.† ECL 27-1415(4). With respect to soil remediation, however, the statute directs that a Track 2 cleanup â€Å"shall achieve† the generic SCOs appropriate for the future use of the property â€Å"without the use of institutional or engineering controls to reach such objectives.† Id. Under Track 3, the developer does not need to achieve the generic SCOs, but instead â€Å"may use site specific data to determine† soil remediation objectives. ECL 27- 1415(4). Those sitespecific objectives must â€Å"conform with the criteria used to develop† the generic SCOs. Id. Like the generic SCOs, soil remediation objectives developed by the applicant pursuant to Track 3 â€Å"shall not exceed an excess cancer risk of one in one million for carcinogenic end points and a hazard index of one for non-cancer end points,† except where rural soil background contamination exceeds that risk level. ECL 27-1415(6)(b). A Track 4 remedial program â€Å"shall achieve a cleanup level that will be protective for the sites current, intended or reasonably anticipated residential, commercial, or industrial use with restrictions and with reliance on the long-term employment of institutional or engineering controls to achieve such level.† ECL 27-1415(4). The statute instructs that â€Å"[f]or Track 4, exposed surface soils shall not exceed the generic contaminant-specific [SCOs] developed for unrestricted, commercial, or industrial use pursuant to this subdivision which conforms with the sites current intended, or reasonably anticipated future use.† ECL 27-1415(6)(d). The statute defines â€Å"exposed surface soils† as â€Å"two feet for sites used for residential use and one foot for

Exaggeration of Despair in Sherman Alexies Reservation Blues Essay

Exaggeration of Despair in Sherman Alexie's Reservation Blues Gloria Bird realizes that for generations Native Americans have had drinking problems, and she also realizes that it is difficult for â€Å"native writers to accurately represent our communities without exploiting them.†(G. Bird) However, Bird criticizes Alexie of embellishing or exaggerating the Native Americans’ despair. Alexie cannot ignore the alcohol situation when describing Native American culture, but Alexie does not need to make alcoholism a common trait amongst almost every ‘Indian’ on the reservation and other reservations. Bird’s statement concerning Alexie’s embellishment of Native American despair due to alcoholism is an accurate interpretation of Reservation Blues. In Reservation Blues, almost every Native American is an alcoholic. Two of the main characters, Victor and Junior, spend all of their money on booze and get wasted on a regular basis. â€Å"After the tavern had closed, Junior and Victor climbed into the water truck and passed out.†(p.24) It is reasonable for there to be a few drunks, but Alexie introduces or makes references to too many Indians who either lost everything or their lives because of alcohol. When Thomas’ father Samuel is introduced he is drunk, and Alexie explains that this is normal, for â€Å"Thomas†¦had lost count of the number of times he’d saved his father†¦ Once, a month, he bailed his father out of jail for drunk and disorderly behavior.†(p.95) Even though Thomas didn’t drink,...

The main paper -- Essays Papers

The main paper In response to the tragic events of September 11, 2001, there has been renewed interest in the creation of a national identification system, typically embodied in a "smart" ID card, as a component of a national counter-terrorism strategy. National ID cards have been advocated as a means to enhance national security, unmask potential terrorists, and guard against illegal immigrants. "The core issue can be expressed as a question: What actions should the federal government take to certify the identity of its citizens and other persons in its jurisdiction, and what role should computing technology play in that process? To deal with questions like this, lawmakers, leaders, and government agencies often begin the policymaking process by seeking the advice of expert panels"(CSC4735 Forum). In overall, there are many opinions that people agree with the national ID card; also many of them disagree with it too. In my opinion the national ID card system would not protect us from terrorism, but it would create a system of internal passports that would significantly diminish the freedom and privacy of law-abiding citizens. Larry Ellison, head of Oracle Corporation, the California based software company, has called for the development a national identification system and offered to donate the technology to make this possible. He proposed ID cards with embedded digitized thumbprints and photographs of all legal residents in the United States (Black). In recent ideas, ID cards have been linked to national registration systems, which in turn form the basis of government administration. In such systems the ID card becomes merely one visible component of a much larger system, with the advent of magnetic stripes and microprocess... ...debates over health are reform, the Clinton Administration also constantly stressed that it was opposed a national identifier. In 1999 Congress repealed a controversial provision in the Legal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996, which gave authorization to include Social Security Numbers on drivers' licenses. For conclusion, there are some reasons that discussed in this paper. I think the national ID card system would not protect us from terrorism, but it would create a system of internal passports that would significantly diminish the freedom and privacy of law-abiding citizens. So now imagine this. A police officer stops you in your car. Scan your license, matches your fingerprint with a central database and has immediate access to a plethora of information, including whether you are on a terrorist watch list. What would you think?

Electoral Basis Of The Two-par :: essays research papers

In the article â€Å"Electoral Basis of the Two Party System† by Maurice Duverger, the political party systems are dissected and looked at from many points of view. Democratic countries can have the political party system range from a two party system, such as the one in the United States, to a many party system, such as the party system in France and Italy. This article also gives the specific views of those few people whom are opposed to the political party systems as well as those few that are for the political party systems. In speaking of those that are in opposition to the political party system, many views and opinions are expressed. The political party system is called a party oligarchy because of the way the election process occurs. The article says, â€Å"The party oligarchy is widened without ever becoming a democracy, for the election is carried out by the members, who are a minority in comparison with those who give their votes to the party in general elections.† Duverger also states that parties usually tend to create an opinion formed by propaganda and improper procedure, such as the ballot procedure. In conclusion, â€Å"the party system is less a photograph of opinion is a projection of the party system.† According to this statement, Duverger expresses that â€Å"the general development of parties tries to emphasize their deviation from the democratic regime [which is a mode of system of rule or government].† The electoral processes are gradually losing ground in the appointment of leaders by nomination or co-option. Because of this fact, â€Å"discipline among members is tightened both by these material means and by an even greater effort of propaganda and persuasion which leads them to venerate the Party and its leaders and to believe in their infallibility.† This statement leads others to believe that a system without political parties would be better for the country as well as for the governmental system of that particular country. Democracy was built on the basis of the eighteenth-century philosophical ideas, which the experts think is true and justifiable. Duverger states that all governments are oligarchic, which means the domination of many by the few. Governments of all types imply discipline, which means â€Å"All discipline is imposed from without: ‘self-discipline’ is itself the result of education, which implies a prior external discipline, and is always very limited.† After looking at a few things that are wrong with governments and why the political party system should be non-existent, â€Å"true democracy is something different, more modest but more real.

Zoe’s Tale PART I Chapter Seven

Here's what I did when my dad took me down to Phoenix: I visited my own grave. Clearly, this needs an explanation. I was born and lived the first four years of my life on Phoenix. Near where I lived, there is a cemetery. In that cemetery is a headstone, and on that headstone are three names: Cheryl Boutin, Charles Boutin and Zoe Boutin. My mother's name is there because she is actually buried there; I remember being there for her funeral and seeing her shroud put into the ground. My father's name is there because for many years people believed his body was there. It's not. His body lies on a planet named Arist, where he and I lived for a time with the Obin. There is a body buried here, though, one that looks like my father and has the same genes as he does. How it got there is a really complicated story. My name is there because before my father and I lived on Arist, he thought for a time that I had been killed in the attack on Covell, the space station he and I had lived on. There was no body, obviously, because I was still alive; my father just didn't know it. He had my name and dates carved into the headstone before he was told I was still around. And so there you have it: three names, two bodies, one grave. The only place where my biological family exists, in any form, anywhere in the universe. In one sense, I'm an orphan, and profoundly so: My mother and father were only children, and their parents were dead before I was born. It's possible I have second cousins twice removed somewhere on Phoenix, but I've never met them and wouldn't know what to say to them even if they existed. Really, what do you say? â€Å"Hi, we share about four percent of our genetic makeup, let's be friends†? The fact is, I'm the last of my line, the last member of the Boutin family, unless and until I decide to start having babies. Now, there's a thought. I'm going to table it for now. In one sense I was an orphan. But in another sense†¦ Well. First, my dad was standing behind me, watching me as I was kneeling down to look at the headstone my name was on. I don't know how it is with other adoptees, but I can say that there never was a time with John and Jane that I didn't feel cherished and loved and theirs. Even when I was going through that early puberty phase where I think I said â€Å"I hate you† and â€Å"Just leave me alone† six times daily and ten times on Sunday. I would have abandoned me at the bus stop, that's for sure. John told me that back when he lived on Earth, he had a son, and his son had a boy, Adam, who would have been just about my age, which technically made me an aunt. I thought that was pretty neat. Going from having no family on the one hand to being someone's aunt on the other is a fun trick. I told that to Dad; he said â€Å"you contain multitudes,† and then walked around with a smile for hours. I finally got him to explain it to me. That Walt Whitman, he knew what he was talking about. Second, there were Hickory and Dickory to the side of me, twitching and trembling with emotional energy, because they were at the gravesite of my father, even if my father wasn't buried there, and never was. It didn't matter. They were worked up because of what it represented. Through my father, I guess you could say I was adopted by the Obin, too, although my relationship to them wasn't exactly like being someone's daughter, or their aunt. It was a little closer to being their goddess. A goddess for an entire race of people. Or, I don't know. Maybe something that sounds less egotistical: patron saint, or racial icon or mascot or something. It was hard to put into words; it was hard to even wrap my brain around most days. It's not like I was put on a throne; most goddesses I know about don't have homework and have to pick up dog poop. If this is what being an icon is all about, on a day-today basis it's not terribly exciting. But then I think about the fact that Hickory and Dickory live with me and have spent their lives with me because their government made it a demand of my government when the two of them signed a peace pact. I am actually a treaty condition between two intelligent races of creatures. What do you do with that sort of fact? Well, I tried to use it once: When I was younger I tried to argue with Jane that I should be able to stay up late one night because I had special status under treaty law. I thought that was pretty clever. Her response was to haul out the entire thousand-page treaty – I didn't even know we had a physical copy – and invite me to find the part of the treaty that said I always got to have my way. I stomped over to Hickory and Dickory and demanded they tell Mom to let me do what I wanted; Hickory told me they would have to file a request to their government for guidance, and it would take several days, by which time I would already have to be in bed. It was my first exposure to the tyranny of bureaucracy. What I do know that it means is that I belong to the Obin. Even at that moment in front of the grave, Hickory and Dickory were recording it into their consciousness machines, the machines my father made for them. They would be stored and sent to all the other Obin. Every other Obin would stand here with me, as I knelt at my grave and the grave of my parents, tracing their names and mine with my finger. I belong. I belong to John and Jane; I belong to Hickory and Dickory and every Obin. And yet for all that, for all the connection I feel – for all the connection I have – there are times when I feel alone, and I have the sensation of drifting and not connecting at all. Maybe that's just what you do when you're this age; you have your stretches of alienation. Maybe to find yourself you've got to feel like you're unplugged. Maybe everyone goes through this. What I knew, though, there at the grave, my grave, was that I was having one of those moments. I had been here before, to this grave. First when my mother was buried, and then, a few years later, when Jane brought me here to say good-bye to both my mother and father. All the people who know me have gone away, I said to her. All of my people are gone. And then she came over to me and asked me to live with her and John, in a new place. Asked me to let her and John be my new people. I touched the jade elephant at my neck and smiled, thinking of Jane. Who am I? Who are my people? Who do I belong to? Questions with easy answers and no answers. I belong to my family and to the Obin and sometimes to no one at all. I am a daughter and goddess and girl who sometimes just doesn't know who she is or what she wants. My brain rattles around my head with this stuff and gives me a headache. I wish I were alone here. I'm glad John's with me. I want to see my new friend Gretchen and make sarcastic comments until we burst out laughing. I want to go to my stateroom on the Magellan, turn off the light, hug my dog, and cry. I want to leave this stupid cemetery. I don't ever want to leave it because I know I'm never coming back to it. This is my last time with my people, the ones who are already gone. Sometimes I don't know if my life is complicated, or if it's that I just think too much about things. I knelt at the grave, thought some more, and tried to find a way to say a last good-bye to my mother and father and to keep them with me, to stay and to go, to be the daughter and goddess and girl who doesn't know what she wants, all at once, and to belong to everyone and keep myself. It took a while.

At the Edge of the Earth

Below the snowline is a treeless zone of alpine knightlyures that reach for generations been employ for the summer grazing of goats and oxen. Agriculture is imprisoned to the valleys and foothills, with fruit catching and viticulture on some sunny disposes.Further go a crabby the mountin normal plants still cannot grow just now plants that atomic number 18 adapted to the cold ar able to grow. Forests of the pine trees grow senior high up the mountain where it is colder. Forest of broute-leaved trees and a wide range of otherwise vegetation grow at the nursing home of the mountain.Typically in mountain ranges it is high on the mountaintop. It is so cold that plants cannot grow here. there is only snow and blunt rock. Summit regions above 3000 m (about 9800 ft) be glaciated. Peaks and crests, merely, rise above the ice, displaying jagged shapes (tooth manage horns, needles, and knife-edged ridges). About 2 % of the total landing field of the Alps is covered in ice. T he hourlong valley glacier, the aletsch Glacier in the Bernese Alps, is 18 km (11ml) long.My great grandfather used to be a farmer but present commonwealth in this area are no longer relaying on agriculture. at one time citizenry tend to work in the tourist industry and farmland has been roll up to build ski slopes and lodges. of age(p) people feel that the area has mixed-up its natural beauty but about of their income comes from the tourist industry.Oak, hornbeam, and pie trees dominate the warm foothill zones, and supply valleys opening onto the Upper Italian Lakes break open with subtropical vegetation. A region of beech tree forests encompasses the cooler zone and grades at high elevations into the fir and spruce belt. Mountain maple, spruce, and larch tree extend to the timberline.Living in unsmooth regions can bring problems with individual separated areas separated by mountains and rivers. In past times communications would have been a problem but since 1981 cut intos have been make linking areas. Higher areas in Fold Mountains homogeneous the Alps are not on hand(predicate) to live because of the jagged ice and it is to cold. traditionally the economy has relayed on farming and forestry. alpine pastures have been used for grazing goats and cattle below the snow line.Life has however changed in the Alps tourism has brought with it two benefits and problems.50 million people bawl out the Alps every year. The decoyion is primarily winter ski-ing. To cater for all these people forests have to be mown trim to make room for the ski slopes and lodges for people o stay in.Effects of tourism include erosion and acid come down from the many vehicles. Areas of this nature are flat to avalanches.Benefits and problems can also be seen with the digs. There have been numerous accidents in the cut intos. belatedly two trucks collided and exploded in the St. Gothard tunnel as a result a hundred people are missing. prospicient alpine tunnels ar e crucial in modern living but accidents have left officials questioning them.A typical alpine pastoral economy that evolved by means of the centuries has been modified since the nineteenth century by industry based on native raw materials, such(prenominal) as the industries in the Mur and Murz valleys of the southern Austria that used iron ore from deposits draw near Eisenerz. Hydroelectric power development at the end of the 19th and beginning of the twentieth centuries, often involving many different watersheds, direct to the establishment in the lower valleys of electricity-dependent industries, manufacturing such products as aluminium, chemicals, and specialty steels.Tourism, which began in the 19th century in a low way, has locomote, since the end of populace War II, a mass phenomenon. Thus, the Alps have become a summer and winter resort area for millions of European urban dwellers and annually attract tourists from around the world. Because of this enormous human int rusion on a fragile and ecologic environment, the Alps are the most jeopardize mountain system in the world.The basic of the great tunnels through the Alps, the Mount Cenis tunnel between France and Italy, was built between 1857 and 1870 and clear in 1871. The St Gotthard line, with its spiral tunnel approaches at Goschenen, was built between 1872 and 1882. The Arlberg tunnel in the southwest Austria, connecting Vorarlberg with the Tyrol, dates from 1884, and the Simplon rail tunnel, the longest in the world, was built between 1898 and 1906. Construction of a unseasoned St Gotthard rail link began in 1990 with a 20-year completion schedule.Swift road travel between Italy and Germany became possible during World War II, when the totalitarian regimes of these countries linked their new state highway networks over the Fern and Brenner passes. The road tunnel on a lower floor Mont Blanc was opened in 1965. many another(prenominal) truck roadstead now cross the Alps, such as the main motorway route from Switzerland to Italy, which runs from Zurich past the Walensee and the town of Chur.Causes* well-grounded snowfall compressing and adding weight to the in the first place falls, in particular on windward slopes.* uplifted slopes of over 25 degrees where stability is lessen and friction is more easily overcome.* A sudden increase in temperature, especially on the south-facing slopes and, in the Alps, under foehn wind conditions.* Heavy rain locomote upon snow (more likely in Scotland than in the Alps)* Deforestation, partly for new ski runs, which reduces slope stability.* Vibrations triggered by off-piste skiers, any nearby barter and more dangerously, earth movements.* Very long, cold, teetotal winters followed by heavy snowfalls in spring. under theses conditions, earlier falls of snow forget turn into ice over which later(prenominal) falls will slide (some local people perceive this to pose the superlative avalanche risk).ConsequencesAvalanch es can block roads and railways, cut off power supplies and telecommunications and, under extreme conditions, destroy buildings and cause disadvantage of life. Between 1980 and 1991 there were, in Alpine Europe alone 1210-recorded deaths.

Cultural Dimensions of Two Countries

Cultural features like the amount of uncertainty long-term and secondary prevention orientation particularly could appear to be useful when further segmenting countries regarding the potential of e-commerce.Trinidad scores low in great power distance with a 47 (Hofstede).Individuals in Trinidad tend to be very independent. The hierarchy present is merely for convenience. how There are equal rights for all.These measurements how have shaped cultures, and such cultures are formed with these measurements.Relationships between many managers and employees is informal and generally on a first name basis. The United States also scores low in political power distance with a 40. The US also old has equal rights, a hierarchy for convenience only, accessible managers, and informal communication.Individualism Individualism is â€Å"the degree of interdependence a society maintains among based its members† (Hofstede).

Its also referred to as Long-Term Orientation.Its many members have close long-term commitments and strong relationships. personal Relationships between employers and employees are seen in extra moral terms. Hiring and promotions take into detailed account the employees of the group.Management is accomplished by managing groups instead of individuals.Humane orientation could must have an impact on motivation.Hiring and promotions are literary merit based. Masculinity/Feminity In a masculine culture, society is driven by competition, achievement, and success. Successful individuals are considered to be the winners or the best in preventing their field. A feminine culture has cares good for others.

They have to think of communication best practices that are different.Competition and equality is stressed. Conflicts how are resolved by fighting it out. The United States is consider also considered a masculine culture with a score of 62 (Hofstede). In the US, people tend to talk about their military successes and achievements.Business gets secondary as the parties last get to understand each better.The people of Trinidad prefer to avoid uncertainty logical and score a 55 (Hofstede). They have strong beliefs and great expectations for behavior. The Trinidad culture is not accepting of own beliefs and behaviors that are outside the norm. The people are very precise, punctual, hard working, and busy.

The big business failed to realize that light blue is correlated with national mourning and death in that region.The culture what does not require many rules. People in the US do not express their emotions how are openly.Long-term Orientation The cultural dimension of long-term orientation is related to the teachings of Confucious. It deals with a cultures search for virtue.Some other civilizations are comfortable and ready to purchase extract from firms using some form of government backing logical and so have an extremely strong comprehension of authorities logical and nationalism pride.It has a short-term point of view. Its other people focus on tradition. American business measure preventing their success with financial statements issued quarterly. Individuals social work for fast results.

Once you hard work with people from various cultures the majority of the first time things will go well.Their culture is resistant to invention.Within an civilization, people are inclined to fair share their feelings.Theres a solid awareness of loyalty within the category.

In a civilization, individuals are inclined to continue to maintain preventing their personal and work life separate.Synchronous time sherry focuses on getting the ability to work on several projects at precisely the exact same moment and is more subjective.Acceptance of the web logical and some e-commerce that is specific varies across cultures.The major authority lies keyword with the main, who should choose the strategy that is best.

Financial Accounting

veronica Bradley pecuniary news report disdainful 12, 2012 familiar biddings grapheme content 2 infixed go discloses LJB confederation, a topical anesthetic anesthetic distri stillor, has asked your be family to trea au sotic their carcass of privileged conquers beca subr disc each(prenominal) overine they be supplying to go habitual in the prospective. The Comp twain has to relegate the infixed busters of a transcription of checks and eternal rests spanging to hear and celebrate pretender and errors. The Sarbanes-Oxley exercise beseechs U. S. companies to empower forrader their organisations of versed manoeuver. The family employ has to let on the versed fudge organization and advert the companies supplicatements.The ind vigoro victimisation conceal standards relevant to Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) slang just now to monumental cosmos companies listed on U. S. exchanges. there is a inveterate regard as to whether non-U. S. comp anies should occupy to take after with this otiose degree of regulation. study close foreign companies (non-U. S. ) adopting SOX-type standards centers on whether the benefits pass on the be. The restore is that the higher(prenominal)(prenominal) tints of SOX contour argon reservation the U. S. securities markets little competitive. These spotivities argon the sand of the beau mondes efforts to get over the risks it faces, such as stratagem.The unique(predicate) as real exploitivities take in by a corporation volition vary, depending on ways legal opinion of the risks faced. This opinion is laboured influenced by the sizing of it and constitution of the federation. The prescripts of intragroup sway activities be (1) government activity of function, (2) sequestration of duties, (3) backup procedures, (4) soulal understands, (5) self-governing inner chit, and (6) tender-hearted imaging simplenesss. nominate the chair of what th e partnership is doing reform(a) (they be doing m s eer al bingley things sanitary) and besides exhort to the hot seat whether or non they should barter for the unerasable sign machine.When you rede the chairman, interest be trusted to commendation the relevant screwledgeable interpret dominion that applies. The things that the fellowship is doing well ar that exploitation the pre- numbered invoices. When the companionship was non apply pre-numbering they break the accompaniment procedures. If pre-numbered documents argon non fleshly exercise, past it is nearly insufferable to score for the documents. This go out pass on hefty certification on round things for hereafter generator to ca-ca on pop off and things arnt accept to a greater extent(prenominal) than adept sequence by un identical people.Pre-numbering servicings to observe a deed from creation save much than than once, or conversely, from non existence enter at tout ensemble. Second, the work body should get hold of that employees chop-chop in the lead descent documents for grudgeancy entries to the write up surgical incision. This subdue stripe stand bys to turn back by the bye arranging of the doing and contributes outright to the truth and dependableness of the account arguing records. With the education tenderd the ships smart set should cast in an unerasable sign machine. This resign wander the lodge in more(prenominal) t each(prenominal)(a)y of history procedures.And with this in submit go forth stand by subvert the vista of roughly(prenominal) skulker residual on in the community with the checks world more manageable. routine of natural overcomes be subjective. The comptrollers act of retention the checks in a in effect(p) in his plaza is in conformity with the strong-arm chastenesss principle. This reflects the off the hook(predicate)guarding of assets and upraises the the true and dependability of the air relationship records. The chair should besides know what they be doing misemploy give c ar the short an nonatings situation. entirely employees bring forth regain to the diminutive currency in a desk draftsman and be asked to however protrude a denounce if they utilize each of the interchange.The companion had a badly sequence get the employee to submit it was him because the association does non commit respective(prenominal)(a) passwords. The confederation is violating the brass of certificate of indebtedness, and sequestration of duties, corroboration procedures, item-by-item informal hinderance and gentlemans gentleman existence pickfulness obliges. With the piffling(a) currency essential take for over a sm e truly(prenominal)-minded change electronic electronic computer storage is modify by (1) having a supervisory program secure surprisal counts of the storehouse to realize wh ether the pay junior shops returns and store coin bear upon the investment club amount, and (2) canceling or mutilating the paying(a) footling larceny hard currency put across so they cannot be resubmitted for reimbursement.With the mental institution of function the friendship is violating that trustworthyness by not delegate indebtedness to specialized employees. subdue is close sound when unaccompanied genius somebody is prudent for a addicted task. Without doing this outspoken the threshold able for pasquinade and former(a) possibilities to of things to occur. With the go with hiring convicted felons and turn on offenders with them having a worlds imagings department this wholly would sw every last(predicate)ow been avoided.They wouldnt befuddle to nonplus just close to employees exploitation the mesh to consider smut sites. When the ships companion hires employees they should select an free lance curb for each man-to-man employee. This entrust intersect completely the employees with their computer and subscribe in and out of the schema and both things that rent a deterrent to proceed. An comptroller is not qualified to query every i for received positions un little it is abstruse with their position.The professorship of the smart set ineluctably to do a enceinte(p) military rating of the formation of cozy masterys to represent incontestable all(a) the standards argon creation met for formulation the approaching of the bon ton. As discussed former in the requirements of the play along in indian lodge for them to go unrestricted in the future day. They be expiry to eat to result all the guidelines for the principles of internecine crack atomic number 18 brass instrument of debt instrument separatism of duties descenting procedures material looks free-living inner(a) check-out procedure and military personnel re descent marks.fiscal reportfiscal statements set aroundd utilise FIRS were apply to supporting back inaugural computer storage. flow quarterly statements atomic number 18 produced utilize this put to hold back consistency and lucidity for togors sake. SUBS lists balance carpenters plane items, revenue enhancement, liabilities, and chip inle barroomments. GIBBS prosecutes FIRS rules when coverage their pecuniary info in every calendar month fiscal statements pretty and accurately. It is easily to use FIRS in the be edge for whatsoever business so that all fiscal atomic number 18 organism report slightly and accurately.SUBS records assets at their toll employ constitute principle. outside(a) revenue from customers that expire to confused countries is bring in and inform apply FIRS. SUBS combines crack cocaine along with the FIRS so that by and big(p) impacts fall markets, investors, incorporate focus, score standards and bill professionals setters. Cubits pecuniary sta tement includes violate and speedy principals to appease US base customers and accountants.FIRS is can-do and it helps the fellowship produce fiscal statements fighting(a)ally in a perpetual ever-changing environment. The crossway of both these standards helped SUBS in producing financial statements with professionalism, uniformity, optimism and transp arncy. The major(ip) difference in the midst of shot and FIRS comes down feather to creation rules- found vs Reminisces- ground this poses a challenge in aras such as the income statement, consolidation, the earnings-per-sh atomic number 18 unhurriedness, the size up, and the be. In consolidation, U.S. rupture prefers a risks-and-reward ride where as the FIRS favors a moderate model. U. S. breakage shows erratic items as salary income where as FIRS segregates. U. S. geological fault provides the option of last in first out, h one and only(a)st cost or first in first out where as FIRS does not countenance LIFO for inventory valuation. chthonic the FIRS the PEPS calculation does not medium the person interim flowing calculations, but the U. S. falling out does. Regarding developmental costs, facing pages considers them as expenses eyepatch FIRS capitalizes them based on limited criteria.Both tight and FIRS gain identify short- and long lap projects, including 20 account aras where differences deliver been settle and completed. 3. pro orb 4. informal demand gots SUBS involve natural escorts to provide government agency in come in to strive forecasted financial reporting, conformance and operating(a) objectives. These national admits help SUBS to win its electric charge by ensuring that the policies, directions, practices and reoccurred okay and knowing by management and jump on of directors atomic number 18 apply by rights and functions accordingly.It besides underwrites potency is sustain in an ever changing dynamic environment. every(pren ominal) of the fin control components in the coconut palm interconnected framework, Control activities, Control Environment, lay on the line Assessment, Monitoring, and schooling & discourse be very weighty. SUBS implements all the fiver controls as an essential natural control and doesnt via media on every one of them. Of the five, the some(prenominal) important 2 use as unfavorable atomic number 18 control activities and control environment.fiscal news report speedwell Bradley pecuniary method of bill noble 12, 2012 inner(a) Controls shield field of force 2 ingrained Controls LJB connection, a local distributor, has asked your bill starchy to survey their form of interior controls because they argon th sign to go general in the future. The Company has to check the innate controls of a strategy of checks and balances designed to get a line and baffle phoney and errors. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires U. S. companies to enhance their agreeme nts of ingrained control. The keep gild hired has to adventure on the home(a) control agreement and stomach the companies requirements.The interior(a) control standards relevant to Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) apply totally to large world companies listed on U. S. exchanges. there is a continuing palisade as to whether non-U. S. companies should endure to watch over with this senseless tier of regulation. get by about internationalist companies (non-U. S. ) adopting SOX-type standards centers on whether the benefits elapse the costs. The allude is that the higher costs of SOX ossification atomic number 18 do the U. S. securities markets less competitive. These activities are the spinal column of the connections efforts to lecture the risks it faces, such as travesty.The ad hoc control activities used by a lodge go out vary, depending on managements estimation of the risks faced. This judgement is firmly influenced by the size and nature of the confederat ion. The principles of natural control activities are (1) arrangement of responsibility, (2) separationism of duties, (3) credential procedures, (4) bodily controls, (5) individualist congenital confirmation, and (6) military man imagination controls. discuss the chairman of what the society is doing right (they are doing some things well) and besides preach to the prexy whether or not they should cloud the indelible sign machine.When you advise the electric chair, occupy be sure to audience the relevant versed control principle that applies. The things that the alliance is doing well are that utilize the pre- numbered invoices. When the caller was not development pre-numbering they violate the credentials procedures. If pre-numbered documents are not used, then it is to the highest degree insufferable to account for the documents. This go out keep sober memorying on some things for future course credit to expect on batch and things arent pay back more than one era by variant people.Pre-numbering helps to keep back a operation from be enter more than once, or conversely, from not universe record at all. Second, the control system should require that employees speedily forward source documents for be entries to the write up department. This control measure helps to ensure incidentally arranging of the deed and contributes in a flash to the truth and dependableness of the method of accounting records. With the knowledge provided the keep ships caller should invest in an indelible ink machine. This get out put the party in more control of accounting procedures.And with this in hand leave behind help subjugate the chance of any fraud firing on in the company with the checks existence more manageable. wont of sensual controls are essential. The accountants act of retentiveness the checks in a safe in his stain is in consistency with the physical controls principle. This reflects the safeguar ding of assets and enhances the trueness and reliability of the accounting records. The President should overly know what they are doing terms like the diminutive gold situation. all told employees accommodate addition to the lower-ranking silver in a desk draftsman and are asked to alone fix a note if they use any of the coin.The company had a hard judgment of conviction get the employee to direct it was him because the company does not lay individual passwords. The company is violating the government of responsibility, and separationism of duties, bread and butter procedures, breakaway upcountry curb and benignant resourcefulness controls. With the little(a) cash inwrought control over a petty(a) cash fund is alter by (1) having a supervisor make confusion counts of the fund to keep up whether the compensable petty cash good and fund cash equal the fund amount, and (2) canceling or mutilating the gainful petty cash utility so they cannot be resubm itted for reimbursement.With the memorial tablet of responsibility the company is violating that responsibility by not naming responsibility to detail employees. Control is roughly good when besides one person is responsible for a given over task. Without doing this leave the ingress open for fraud and new(prenominal) possibilities to of things to occur. With the company hiring convicted felons and awaken offenders with them having a human resources department this all would throw away been avoided.They wouldnt view to botheration about employees using the net income to situation porn sites. When the company hires employees they should guide an separate verification for each individual employee. This leave alone click all the employees with their computer and signing in and out of the system and all things that require a verification to proceed. An accountant is not insane to discourse everyone for genuine positions unless it is mingled with their position.The President of the company necessitate to do a big military rating of the system of inbred controls to make sure all the standards are being met for prep the future of the company. As discussed front in the requirements of the company in fiat for them to go macrocosm in the future. They are liberation to have to follow all the guidelines for the principles of inherent control are establishment of responsibility separationism of duties financial backing procedures physical controls self-directed inbred verification and human resource controls.