The Southern Gothic Motif of Harper Lee’s To Kill A Mockingbird Essay

Thesis: In the novel To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee, the various types of outsiders and the small town of Maycomb contribute to the novel’s Southern gothic motif. All throughout the book Lee introduces us to different kinds of outsiders willing to make a change. During the Tom Robinson trial, Link Deas tells Bob Ewell, â€Å"†¦if I hear one more peep outa my girl Helen about not bein’ able to walk this road I’ll have you in jail before sundown† (334). By saying this, Mr. Deas is going against the typical Southern way of Maycomb by standing up to a white man in defense of a black woman. Also Scout says, â€Å"Aunt Alexandra was fanatical on the subject of my attire. I could not possibly hope to be a lady if I wore breeches† (108). Scout shows her diversity by refusing to wear dresses like all the other young, Southern ladies. Another example is how Mr. Dolphus Raymond was said to be a â€Å"†¦sinful man who had mixed children and didn’t care who knew it† (268). The town of Maycomb thinks that the way Mr. Raymond lives is against the way of society but he pays no mind and lives a happy life. Mayomb’s people are quite judgmental, but there are several inhabitants there that are 5not afraid to be outsiders. Maycomb is portrayed as a typical, small, Southern town where everyone knew each other and everyone had their place. â€Å"Maycomb was an old old town, but it was a tired old town when I knew it. The courthouse sagged in the square. Somehow, it was hotter then†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (1). Scout describes her hometown as being very dull, hot, and boring the way she remembers it, which exemplifies some of the small town and southern characteristics of Maycomb. At school one day, Scout’s thoughts are that â€Å"Miss Caroline seemed unaware that the ragged denim-shirted and flour-sacked first grade, most of whom had chopped cotton and fed hogs, were immune to imaginative literature† (22). Miss Caroline is from another county so she is not accustomed to Maycomb’s small town ways as Scout here describes. At another point during the book, Scout explains that â€Å"There was indeed a caste system in Maycomb†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (175).We learn throughout the book that inhabitants of Maycomb County classify everyone into their own groups, usually by the amount of money they have or by their race because that’s just the way their Southern town is. Lee illustrates how Maycomb is a small, Southern town through caste systems and exclusion of outsiders. Appearance Vs. Reality In the novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee uses the theme of appearance vs. reality to illustrate that people aren’t always the same on the inside as they are on the outside. For example. Mr. Dolphus Raymond admits to Scout, â€Å"Secretly, Miss Finch, I’m not much of a drinker, but you see they could never, never understand that I live like I do because that’s the way I want to live† (268). Even though the town may think Mr. Raymond is married to a black woman because he’s a drunk, he’s actually genuinely happy and chose his lifestyle himself. One time Scout said, â€Å"It occurred to me that in their own way, Tom Robinson’s manners were as good as Atticus’s†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (260). People in Maycomb believed Tom Robinson was just a nigger that raped a white girl, but if they looked deeper they would see that he’s just as courteous as the town-known lawyer, Atticus Finch. Another great example of appearance vs. reality is when Scout states, â€Å"Neighborhood opinion was unanimous that Mrs. Dubose was the meanest old woman who ever lived† (46). Everyone though Mrs. Dubose was hateful because she chose to be, but in actuality she was battling her drug addiction. People’s appearances don’t always show exactly who they are, you have to search deeper to understand a person’s true personality.

Gender Equity Issues in Antigone Essay

In our present day, many believe they should be treated fairly regardless of their race, religious beliefs, or gender. When gender equity is put on the table as the main discussion we may find women to have more aggressive opinions and views rather than men. Some will suggest this is due to the thousands of years women have been limited to certain rights that men are so freely able to obtain. Greek men are born and viewed as the superior being while women face limits on their freedom and justice. They are, however, given restrictive rules and laws that do not apply equally to their counterpart. According to one analysis of Antigone, â€Å"women individuality were violated and hidden while they were subjugated by a man’s desire†(Karim, 2012). In Antigone, Sophocles changes the script of many before him, as he displays his main character, Antigone, a courageous and respectful woman, who has great beliefs in the Gods. Antigone is quick to put her family before the law as she goes against the king’s order. Antigone can be looked upon as a great leader of society except there’s one problem; she is a woman which has great effects on the actions she wishes to take. Even though Ismene, Antigone’s sister, understands her decision she goes along with the king’s order to keep from disobeying the law. Antigone feels that the king, Creon, is being unjust when he doesn’t allow her to give her brother, Polynices, a proper burial. Creon becomes devastated when he finds out that it’s a woman who has publicly defied him. â€Å"There are factors, such as, catastrophes, wars, and events that have effects on the culture, history, and politics of one society. However, sometimes domestic issues can also cause great debate and reflect large concerns governing society and culture† (Rokem, 2006). Antigone’s rebellious act upset gender roles and threaten the Greek culture. Women in the Greek Society In Ancient Greece it was very common for men to have a dominant role. Men were highly involved in politics and it was very rare to see women engage in jobs that were thought to be more suited for men. Women stayed in the home and if they worked they normally held jobs as maids or servants. Men looked for wives who didn’t speak much but instead kept to their cleaning, weaving, and caring for the children. Women were forbidden to go against the beliefs of men and if they spoke out against a man then harsh consequences would follow. The Consequences Antigone Will Bare In Sophocles’, Antigone, Creon sees Antigone as a threat to his society. He hates that a woman is going against his first order as king. He makes it clear that Polynices is not to be buried but will remain on the field of battle to rot. When Antigone, a woman, buries her brother, Polynices, Creon is devastated. Creon feels Antigone is trying to rule over him. She is thought of as disobeying Creon and the law he has set forth. He wants to make an example of her and punish her for going against his law and his gender role. Creon: The Male Role Throughout the play, Antigone, Creon displays his feeling of women time after time. He doesn’t hold back his beliefs that men are dominant and should never be over powered by any woman. Creon states to Antigone, â€Å"while I live, no woman shall rule me† (Sophocles, Jebb trans). Creon feels that Antigone is out of order by defying him. He hates that Antigone is breaking the law but he also hates the fact that as a woman she is going against him. Creon Creon: The Male Role doesn’t care that his son, Haemon, has asked Antigone to marry him. Once Antigone breaks the law and confesses her beliefs to him, Creon will not approve of her as a wife for his son. He has to terminate her womanly courage and sentence her to death. Many women in the kingdom probably felt the same as Antigone but they dare not express them to a man. Ismene even felt that Antigone was being treated unjustly but she remained in her woman role and would not stand with Antigone. At one point she couldn’t understand why Antigone was reacting in such an unlawful way. Ismene Beliefs as a Woman Many readers may feel that Ismene was nothing more than a coward. Some may ask how she could stand by and allow someone to disrespect her dead brother. Unfortunately, Ismene beliefs and actions were those of many women in their society. It was expected of Ismene, as a woman, to follow the word of man and his law. Ismene is willing to defy the Gods in order to respect the laws of man. She is afraid of Creon and she allows herself to be governed by him. She is like all other women in her society who know their boundaries. Ismene kept her inner thoughts to herself. She was upset that no one else in the town would not stand and support Antigone’s decision. Ismene displays her feelings of being a woman to Antigone as she says, â€Å"Nay we must remember, first, that we are born women, as who should not strive with men; next, that we are ruled of the stronger, so that we must obey in these things† (Sophocles, Jebb trans). Ismene beliefs are common in comparison to other women in her society but Antigone was not going to stand by and allow men to defy the Gods, even if it meant death for her. A Courageous Woman The character, Antigone, was an interesting and dynamic role due to her personal traits. Antigone held her personal convictions tightly and her beliefs in the Gods tighter. She held her allegiance first to the gods rather than to the mortal institutions of man. Antigone was not just a rebellious role but was much different than other docile women of her day. Despite being a woman, Antigone is not afraid of disobeying Creon’s law nor is she afraid to tell Creon how she has no respect for him. Antigone was being punished for following the Gods which were of higher statue than Creon’s law. She stated, â€Å"I have longer to please the dead than please the living her: in the kingdom down below, I’ll lie forever. Do as you please and dishonor the laws the gods hold in honor† (Sophocles, Jebb trans). She will not defy the Gods to please Creon and takes her death sentence lightly. Creon hates that Antigone won’t go against her beliefs. She knows she is being used as an example to show other women how to not act. It takes the Gods to interrupt Creon’s death sentence to Antigone. Unfortunately, it comes too late and before Creon can release Antigone she has already taken her own life. Thoughts of Antigone Antigone is a reminder of how women were mistreated in previous societies. Even though the play ends tragically, Antigone will never be forgotten as a woman who stood up close to her beliefs regardless if she was cast away by an authoritive male figure. She didn’t care if she had to stand alone but she was willing to die rather than obey man’s law and dishonor the Gods. Karim (2012) suggests, â€Å"routine fundamental subject of burial of the dead created conflict relative to law, religion, and culture. It also generated critical debate on a woman’s status. † Thoughts of Antigone Antigone was a role model to other women because she remained true to her religion by going against the culture and law of her society.

A Study of Family Issues in Pursuit of Happiness by Gabriele Muccino

A Study of Family Issues in Pursuit of Happiness by Gabriele Muccino Pursuit of Happiness Pursuit of Happiness is about a family living check by check, just trying to get by. The husband Chris, that sells bone scanner machines. He had bought into these machines, thinking they would be a big hit, but not knowing that not many hospitals would be interested, because of the X-Ray machine, that was very similar. The wife/mother left, being stressed and not believing in her future with Chris, and their son Christopher. After her departure, it only went downhill. They became homeless, and had to move into a motel down the street. For a few months, Chris could still afford to send Christopher to a day-care, which a Chinese lady was in charge of, but later he could not, and had to take Christopher to work with him. After having been kicked out of the motel, and having nowhere to live, they were forced to sleep in a subway bathroom. After this incident, they stayed in a homeless shelter most of the nights. In the midst of the craziness he called life, Chris signed up for a free int ernship with a stock business, and had gotten top intern, which got him a job with the business. After he had got the job, he had good pay, and Chris and his son lived well. This movie can connect well with family issues, marriage issues, wealth problems, and poverty. Chapters 7: Social Class, 10: Race and Ethnic Stratification, 13: Crime and the Legal System, and 14: Marriage and Family, both correspond with the movie Pursuit of Happiness. Chapter 7 talks about social class, such as lower, middle, and upper class; depending on how much money you have. The main character, Chris, lives a poor life, in the â€Å"ghetto†, with his child, after his wife leaves, trying to make a living. He is in the lower class, but after winning a competitive internship, and being offered a job, he starts making good money, and starts to raise in social class. Chapter 10 talks about race and this deals with the movie because Chris, his son, and his wife are all African American, which might have interfered with him getting a job, or selling the amount of bone scanners he needed to sell. Chapter13 is about crime, and how society deals with it, and also the way the lega l system is set up. In the movie, there are various scenes of robbery, or in a specific scene, where one of Chris leaves his bone scanner with a homeless person outside of a building, because he is late for a meeting and can’t take it inside, and the person ends up stealing it. Chapter 14 speaks of marriage and family issues, which is the main happenings, mostly in the beginning of the movie. Their family had issues from the start of the movie, and only gets worse. Chris isn’t bringing in much money, and his wife is already working two jobs, and after she leaves, they aren’t able to pay the rent on time and get kicked out of their apartment. The entire movie is connected with much sociology content, which can help connect the movie to real life situations. The movie Pursuit of Happiness relates to sociology also through social equality. It thrives for this through the movie. Social equality is when everyone has completely equal treatment and opportunity. With so cial equality, there would be no separating by race, gender, religion, and social class. By doing so, it relates to all of the spoken of chapters in our book. In this movie, Chris Gardner is criticized of by his race, and social class. He has to live in a homeless shelter many nights, not being able to correctly feed his child, or give him what he needs. After being accepted for the internship, he does as much work as he possibly can and works as hard as he can so that he can win and get a job promotion. He stands up for himself, after being thrown in jail and not being able to go home and take a shower before his big meeting, and shows the business men that he has what they want, in courage and in confidence. By doing this, he gets the job, and is in better hands for his future, and his son. Sociology is built within this movie, especially since it is focused around society and the government. Bring poor, having a low income, having a slow job, and other things that can help make y ou have more and harder trouble with the world is what this movie is based on. It is especially centered on how one man can make a difference for a whole family, when taken to the extreme. By him getting out and earning what he got, and deserving every bit of it, it shows us that there is hope.

Devolution and the legislation policies enacted by Obamas and Bush Essay

Devolution and the legislation policies enacted by Obamas and Bush administration that increased the federal government powers - Essay Example Nixon’s role The idea of devolution in the USA can be traced back to as far as Richard Nixon’s New Federalism. Immediately Nixon came into power, a notable shift towards devolution intensified. He broke the tradition in The USA by shifting federal programs from categorical grants to block grants. The first shift was the Comprehensive Employments training act of 1973 (Patterson 43). The community development block grants (CDBG) in 1974 followed the Act. In this way, Nixon’s contribution to devolution comprised of the federal government delegating some control without suspending its financial responsibilities. Reagan’s role Some of the moves by Nixon came to an end when Reagan came into power. However, some programs remained, however, in more devolution manner. Funding and control at the local level emerged. As the closure of general revenue sharing indicated, the Reagan administration continued the progressive change toward pure devolution (Patterson 39). Reagan’s twist on New Federalism focussed control and fundraising of home programs at the state and local level. The idea was to reduce the size of the federal government in the face of a budgetary deficits level. Additionally, Reagan’s new initiatives were many. As funding from general revenue sharing came to an end, laws produced by the federal government continued, establishing many situations where state and local governments were needed to implement policies without the funding to do so.

Essay questions Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 4

Questions - Essay Example As a matter of fact, it might give me an advantage as I begin my career since it certainly makes my skill set more attractive to employers and makes me more competent in performing my role. To underscore this, one could cite the standards set by governmental and regulatory agencies for health care providers in the focus to improve patients’ health status, access to health care and in eliminating disparities in care delivery (Hunter, 2008, p. 260). This is now what is recognized as cultural competency and health care practitioners are expected to imbibe this both as skill and part of professional values. For my part, an understanding of the patients’ cultures will make my job easier and more effective because of better interaction with patients who are ethnically diverse, particularly those belonging from non-Western groups. Hunter, W. (2008). Cultural Competency in Health Care Providers Ethical Decision-making and Moral Reasoning: Implications for Reducing Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities for Diverse Populations. Ann Arbor: ProQuest. Allopathic medicine is what we now know as regular or mainstream medicine. It treats a disease or illness by dealing with its symptoms, using medical or surgical methods in order to fix what is wrong. Other forms of healing are generally called as traditional medicine but this could further be classified into several categories. Two of these are traditional and alternative methods of treatment. The former methods are based on ethnic and historically rooted belief. For example, there is the case of herbal medicine or the Chinese acupuncture method. Alternative medicine, on the other hand, refers to the practices and treatments that are used as an alternative to allopathic care. Using herbs to treat cancer or following a specific diet instead of traditional medical substances are cases in point (Morrison-Valfre, 2013, p. 56). I would prefer allopathic

Entrepreneurship Business Plan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Entrepreneurship Business Plan - Assignment Example ...............................................................................................3 Company description...................................................................................................3 Opportunity Analysis..................................................................................................4 1. Business Model...............................................................................................4 2. Competitors.....................................................................................................4 3. Business Selection ........................................................................................4 Marketing Strategy and Plan .....................................................................................5 Funding Request and Exit Strategies .........................................................................5 I. Revenue Stream .......................................................................... ...................5 II. Revenue sources..............................................................................................5 SWOT Analysis .........................................................................................................6 i. Strength ..........................................................................................................6 ii. ... ..........................................................................................8 i. Politics ....................................................................................................8 ii. Economical..............................................................................................8 iii. Social.......................................................................................................8 iv. Technological .........................................................................................8 v. Environment ...........................................................................................8 vi. Legal........................................................................................................8 Porter’s Five Forces ...................................................................................................9 i. Supply Power.......................................................................................... ..9 ii. Buyer power .............................................................................................9 iii. Competitive Rivalry..................................................................................9 iv. Threat of Substation..................................................................................10 v. Threat of New Entry.................................................................................11 Financial Analysis and Projections ............................................................................12 3-Year Strategic Plan ...............................................................................12 Income Statement ........................................................................12 Summary of Income Statement

How Hitlers abuse as a child and early life strongly shaped how he Thesis

How Hitlers abuse as a child and early life strongly shaped how he ruled as Fuehrer - Thesis Example Germany had never witnessed so much development, such that it almost reached its full employment level. Apart from the goodness of his rule, Hitler also unleashed his malevolence upon the nation, this depiction of evil is known as ‘the Holocaust’, and through this he pursued his dream of an anti-Semitic nation and a racially pure nation. The Jews, whom Hitler declared to be the ‘anti-race’ were excluded from all university placements, jobs, and even their shops were boycotted, they were proudly declared by Hitler as the ‘subjects’ of Germans rather than citizens of Germany. Then he inflicted upon them the terror of Genocide, which claimed almost 6million lives. During his tenure as the Fuhrer, Germany was in alliance with Italy and Japan, and thus started the World War 2 against the diametrically opposite Allied Powers from 1942 to 1944. Hitler nearly escaped death at the hands of the bomb planted by Claus Von Stauffenberg, under Operation Valky rie; the Fuhrer managed to escape and married his Eva Braun, with whom he had a silent affair for sixteen years. Ultimately, Hitler died of his own accord, by consuming a capsule of cyanide and a bullet in head. Thus the world saw the demise of an evil genius who inflicted terror upon the people of the opposite race, and yet amazed the world with his genius maneuvers (Emagzin, 2010). The way Adolf Hitler ruled as a Fuhrer was not out of the blue, it is claimed by that his personality traits were shaped by the life he spent in his early years, and most importantly the abuse he suffered at the hands of his father, which molded his character such that he became a tyrannical ruler whose actions were identical to incidents from his early life. This paper highlights upon four important factors presented by his early life which shaped his rule as the Fuhrer of Germany, and then these factors are discussed in detail in accordance with their relevance (Craun Kids, 2010). Hitler’s inte raction with his friends in Early Childhood This is perhaps the least important factor which shaped Hitler’s rule as a Fuhrer, yet it is significant with regards to his tactics and plans for Germany’s expansion and the annihilation of the anti-race. As a child in his early years, Adolf Hitler was extremely fond of playing outdoors, and it is known that he spent most of his days playing outside of house with his friends, since he had very minute amount of work assigned to him to complete at home in elementary school. He substantiated this fact in his autobiography ‘Mein Kampf’ that: â€Å"School work was ridiculously easy, leaving me so much free time that the sun saw more of me than my room† (Hitler 8). This is not just a mere fact of a child’s pastime, but it carries immense importance when analyzed in collaboration with the activities of that boy as a grown up. One of the most common games that Hitler was fond of and enjoyed playing with hi s friends was ‘Cowboys versus Indians’. The frequency of this game being played and enjoyed by Hitler speaks of a characteristic inherent in the young kid’s personality, which is love of war. Hitler enjoyed the game because it was a depiction of war, thus translating into the fact which the world witnessed as he grew older and became the Fuhrer of Germany. The enjoyment derived from the game, the sharpness of mind in a warrior like manner and the tactics learned through this game set a precedent for his later

Syscos BI Implementation Issues Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Syscos BI Implementation Issues - Case Study Example The author of the paper states that Sysco is a highly decentralized business with more than 100 independently operating companies (McAfee and Wagonfeld, 2). As a result, each company enjoyed a considerable level of autonomy. In addition, each operating company used to prepare its own profit and loss statements. However, there are more issues that make the implementation of the program difficult. Firstly, the cost of implementation of the BI system is to be shared by independent companies. However, most of these companies have their own such systems already in force. Thus, forcing these companies to pay for the new system is a difficult task. Still, it becomes necessary to change the system as most companies have software and hardware which are totally different from each other. Even the companies with the same core application have it configured differently (McAfee and Wagonfeld, 2). Thus, the information loaded by different companies is totally different from each other. For example , if two companies deal with the same customer, the customer information they collect will entirely be different. So, it becomes a difficult task for Sysco to analyze as to what meaningful data can be extracted from the central data warehouse they create. In other words, data integration is going to be a headache for the company. Yet another serious issue lies with training employees to use the program effectively. In addition, it is yet to ascertain as to what extent the data produced by the BI will be suitable for the company’s operation (McAfee and Wagonfeld, 10). In addition, the company would take a long time to get used to the software and hence the huge amount spent up-front will not be returned in short term. 2. The decision to answer two questions initially Initially, Sysco decided to have the software answering two questions. Both the questions were exactly futuristic in nature unlike the kind of information that would only reveal the past performance. The first que stion considered was as what new products could be sold to each customer. It is possible for the BI to analyze the purchasing pattern of each customer and predict what products best suit each customer (McAfee and Wagonfeld, 8). The second question considered the list of customers who were likely to leave the company (9); a question that certainly has futuristic value in the performance of a company. The answers to these questions could be used by both the independent companies and the headquarters alike for analysis and further development. In addition, the main objective of Sysco was to pay close attention to its customers, (9) and for that purpose, the answers to these questions were satisfactorily sufficient. In addition, Sysco did not want to use the software for more purposes in the beginning because they wanted to give the employees enough time to get used to the software and to understand its effectiveness. Business Objects supported the adoption of these two questions becaus e the questions were the most effective ones to show the practical usefulness of the BI software. Moreover, the information available from these questions were readily useful for the top management at the headquarters and the independent companies and well within the purview of the customer intelligence analytic applications they developed (McAfee and Wagonfeld, 9). As far as tradeoffs are concerned, they are plenty in number.  

The mi Adidas Case Study Mass Customization Essay

The mi Adidas Case Study Mass Customization - Essay Example The brothers opposing personalities complement each other well: Adi the quiet, pensive designer, and Rudolf the extrovert salesman (Adidas, 2011, pp 1-26). Adidas shoe: 1932 German athlete Arthur Jonath wins the 100m bronze medal at the 1932 Olympic Games in Los Angeles, wearing Dassler shoes. This marks the first major Olympic success for the Dassler brothers and fuels the further development of their already thriving company (Adidas, 2011, pp 1-26). A Second Factory: 1938 Adi Dassler buys his second factory in the centre of Herzogenaurach. By that time, the company produces 1,000 pairs of shoes a day. Three Stripes: 1948 Adolf and Rudolf Dassler part with Rudolf founding Puma. Adi introduces Adidas as the official company name, by combining his nickname and last names. At this point, Adi also gives his shoes the unmistakable trademark of the Three Stripes (Adidas, 2011, pp 1-26). The Olympics in Helsinki: 1952 Adidas is the most worn German sports shoe brand at the Olympic Games an d track shoes with removable spikes are used for the first time. Emil Zatopek wins three gold medals – for the 5,000m, the 10,000m and the marathon - all in one week, wearing Adidas shoes, an achievement that has not been repeated since (Adidas, 2011, pp 1-26).

Skype vs AT&T Essay Example for Free

Skype vs ATT Essay 1) What are the dominant economic characteristics of the VoIP Industry? Public switch telephone networks (PSTN) charge based on minutes whereas Voice-over Internet Protocol (VoIP) charges based on data usage. VoIP services charge a flat fee and Skype actually offers free talk between Skype users. VoIP is likely to grow significantly, taking away from PTSN’s market. VoIP is also cheap to operate as the infrastructure is already there. VoIP is also considered part of the information service industry and not the telecommunication service industry giving it an advantage politically against PTSN. 2) What does the Five Forces Model reveal about the profitability of the VoIP industry? Threat of New Entrants: The threat of new entrants is high in this market. Companies like Google, Microsoft and AOL are planning to compete in the VoIP market. Threat of Substitutes: Substitute for VoIP is low. Bargaining power of Buyers: The bargaining power is moderate because of the simplicity of switching to other companies. Bargaining Power of Suppliers: The bargaining power is weak/limited because VoIP providers are widespread. Rivalry Between Existing Firms: Rivalry between firms is very high because switching costs are low and there is a lack of differentiation. 3) What are the Driving Forces in the industry? The Driving Forces in the industry are consumers’ eagerness for easy access to communication via the internet as well as the low cost of doing so, powerful substitute for telecommunications, and Skype’s costs are low and the consumer’s cost is low. 4) What are the Key Success Factors in the industry? The Key Success Factors are the ease of use which is the low cost for the users. Lower costs because both voice and data communications can run on a single network. Lastly, the continued development of PC2PC calls, videos, and file sharing. 5) Which type of strategy is Skype pursuing? The strategy that Skype is pursuing is differentiation with low-cost. Skype has easy and effective marketing and less expensive retailing and distribution. Skype to Skype calls lets you communicate between anyone at no  cost. With SkypeOut you can call any landline or mobile phone in the world at comparatively cheap local rates. Also, â€Å"SkypeIn† allows users to be reached by a traditional phone through a regular phone number. 6) What are Skype’s short-term and long-term prospects? Managing their competitors and increasing their revenue. They need to gain larger market share and standout against their competitors. They should also focus sales on a business to business side. They should be making sure that most companies, large and small, are using their application for conference calls.

Linking observation of children to developmental theory and policy

Linking observation of children to developmental theory and policy Written Report Linking Observation of Children to Developmental Theory and Policy Watching and listening to children is an important part of a Nursery Practitioners role. This is how we learn what stage of development a child has reached. Bowlby states â€Å"a further principle of the theory of learning is that an individual cannot learn a skill unless he has a friendly feeling towards his teacher.† (pg65) Observations enable you to compare to the expected development milestones which are the basis of our Social policy they are Practice Guidance for the Early Years Foundation Stage and the Every Child Matters documents. As all children develop at their own pace, there are influences that affect the rate at which a child develops, and these are environmental and also genetic. A childs surroundings, their family, and culture are very important in placing particular emphasis on some aspects rather than others. Rousseau proposed† that development proceeds according to an inner, biological timetable; we have a picture of development unfolding fairly independently from environmental influences. Children are no longer simply shaped by external forces, such as adult teachings and social reinforcements. They grow and learn largely on their own, according to natures plan. We call this method â€Å"Biological Maturation.† Within the first week of a child starting in the nursery setting, an initial child profile checklist is carried out. This profile gives the basis for the key person to discover at what stage of Early Years Foundation Development the child has currently reached; it also aids the key person in planning activities to assist in the childs development in moving on to the next stage. Practitioners will also be able to see any child development concerns. This can assist the key person in devising an individual educational plan if necessary. The methods of observations used for this report are a Sociogram and a Developmental Checklist. However these observations are only a snap shot of the overall development of the child. The aim of this Sociogram is to discover what child As interests are; who she interacts with; and what stages of development she has reached. Art Area Painting Choosing painting Putting apron on correctly Asking for help Painting lines and circle Writing L for name Speaks to child B Home Corner Dresses doll Speaks to doll Has conversation with child C explains what she is doing Book Area Talks to staff about rules Speaks to child D and E about rules Reads story to two children. The checklist focuss on the physical and intellectual development of child A as we can see from the checklist, the childs physical development is on line with the milestones stated. Also intellectual assessment is on line with Early Years Foundation Stage and Mary D Sheridan From birth to Five Years. E. Y. F. S. Personal, Social, Emotional Making Relationships 30-50 months Form friendships with other children. Demonstrate flexibility and adapt their behaviour to different events. 40-60 months Value and contribute to own well-being and self-control. Early LearningGoal 40-60+ months. Form good relationships with adults and peers. Sheridan 4 years Inclined to verbal impertinence with adults and quarrelling with playmates when wishes crossed. Bandura said â€Å"in social settings, we learn a great deal through imitation, and imitation involves cognitive processes.† (Cited Theories of Development). Dispositions and Attitudes 30-50 months Shows confidence in linking up with others for support and guidance. E.Y.F.S Communication, Language, Literacy Language for Communication 30-50 months Use intonation, rhythm and phrasing to make their meaning clear to others. Responds to simple instructions. 40-60 months Have confidence to speak to others about their own wants and interests. Linking sounds and letters 40-60 months Hear and say the initial sound in words and know which letters represent some of the sounds. Vygotsky states the acquisition of speech is of a major importance to the growing child, it enables the child to participate in the social life of his or her group. ` Sheridan 3years Hearing and Speech Large vocabulary intelligible even to strangers, but speech still shows many infantile phonetic substitutions and unconventional grammatical forms. Speech modulating in loudness and range of pitch. 4 years Matches and names four primary colours correctly. Reading 30-50 months Handle books carefully. Begin to be aware of the way stories are structured. Know information can be relayed in the form of print. Hold books the correct way up and turn pages. Writing 30-50 Sometimes give meaning to the marks they make. Montessori claims â€Å"four year olds usually master writing before reading. This is because writing is the more concrete and sensory activity and therefore better suits the young childs style of learning.†(Cited Theories of Development). Handwriting 30-50 months Use one handed tools. Draw lines and circles using gross motor skills. 40-60 months Begin to form recognisable letters. Sheridan 4 years Holds and uses a pencil with good control in adult fashion. Montessori says first, the child is shown how to hold a pencil and then practices drawing by staying within outlines. (CitedTheories and Development). E.Y.F.S Knowledge, Understanding of the World Exploration and investigation 22-36months Use others as sources of information and learning. Brunner believed children can do more if they have guidance and help from another person who is more experienced than themselves whether it is peer or an adult. His scaffold approach, giving the child more support at first then reducing that support as the child becomes secure (Brunner 1973). Time 30-50 months Remember and talk about significant events in their own experience E.Y.F.S Creative Development Developing Imaginative play 40-60 months Play alongside other children who are engaged in the same theme E.Y.F.S Physical Development Using Equipment and Materials 30-50 months Engage in activities requiring hand eye co-ordination. Show increasing control over clothing and fastenings. Sheridan 4 years Posture and Large Movement Walks or runs alone up and down stairs using one foot to a stair. Advantages and Disadvantages The methods of observations used had advantages and disadvantages the Sociogram disadvantages:- Subject to considerable distortion. Another child may need your attention; therefore you may have to stop and start again. Also another member of staff can not take over form you. A lot of language can take place which is not obvious in the Sociogram. Not explanatory for parents. Advantages:- 1. Shows how many contacts a child has during the time observed. â€Å"Interesting to test out the theories that young children are more likely to have changing friends† states(Sharman C et al) Checklist disadvantages:- Children dont always perform to order. A lot of language can take place which is not obvious in the checklist. Parents can miss interpret results. Information is closed data. Advantages:- You can put checklist down and return to it later. Quick and easy way to record. Any colleague can take over from you. You are able to identify a need while you are doing this. Does not require completion in one day. Does not require to be filled in the order given. Its an on going profile for the Early Years Foundation Stage Development. Evaluation The milestones for a four year old (Sheridan) states â€Å"walks up and down stairs alone one foot to a stair and matches and names four primary colours correctly† (pg 55); child A is 3 years 3months. This shows us that she is above her milestone development. Child A interacts well with staff and relates well to her peers; she thoroughly enjoys books and taking the lead and reading stories to her peers; a lot of the time from memory. The information gathered does not give a holistic view of the child but of her performance on the day the observations were carried out. Conclusion As we have assessed child As milestones through the observations we now know that she has reached the milestones relevant for her age range. We also note that she has reached several developmental milestones in the next stage of her development. Other methods of observation used in the setting are Target child and Time sample along with photographic observations. We know that childrens development is not straight forward and that they all develop at a different speed, so for the practitioners to be able to monitor these milestones they need to have the knowledge and social policies in place to be able refer to them. Sharman, Cross and Vennis say â€Å"The most appropriate way to monitor progress and compare it with what we are learning, or know, about the way children and young people mature and develop, is to understand observation.† ( Sharmon C, viii 2006 ).

Is Penn State tuition too expensive? :: Journalism Journalistic Essays

Is Penn State tuition too expensive? The Pennsylvania State University is one of the biggest state universities in the nation, with over 40,000 students currently enrolled in that university system. It is also a very old school, with its 150th birthday coming up in the year of 2005. Over the last one and a half century, Penn State has produced the most number of alumni in the world. In my major, meteorology alone, famous alumni such as Jon M. Nese, Greg Forbes, and Joe Bastardi are contributing their invaluable knowledge to the world in the science of meteorology. They are often seen in the national broadcasts. These are some of the major factors attracting perspective students to attend Penn State. Do you ever think about the cost of attending Penn State since Penn State is one of the most expensive public institutions in the United States? Let’s consider how expensive Penn State is for students. Is it worth as much as $20,000 per year for in-state residents, and is it worth as much as $30,000 per year for students living outside of Pennsylvania? More and more students change their final decisions due to the expensive cost of attending specific colleges or universities. Towards these issues, I will perform a detailed evaluation so that students can be informed about the cost of tuition at Penn State. First of all, comparing the price tags of going to Penn State and other similar colleges will provide a basic sense on how expensive Penn State is relative to others. For Midwestern public universities that have nearly the same sizes in enrollment compared to Penn State, the tuition of Penn State is by far more expensive than those Midwestern colleges. Let’s consider Michigan State University, with an enrollment of nearly 35,000. The in-state tuition for Michigan State University is about $6,700, while the out-of-state tuition is close to $16,700 (Michigan 2004). On the other hand, Penn State—University Park, has a student population of nearly 34,000 students. The in-state and out-of-state tuitions at Penn State are at least $2,000 more than the tuitions for attending Michigan State (PSU Registrar 2004). Penn State’s annual tuition is 30% more expensive than some public universities in the Midwest. One may argue that the difference in tuition is due to the locati on of the universities. This is not true at all, and I will provide evidence that will show that there is a weak or no correlation between the public university’s location and the tuition rate.

Elektrolux :: essays research papers fc

The acquisition of different companies always indicates a change for both the acquiring and the acquired organisation and the people within. To successfully combine and integrate Elektrolux and Zanussi it is essential to consider both organisations ´ formal and informal structures which are heavily influenced by their culture. Culture develops on the one hand nationwide but also specifically in an organisation. Building up trust is important to develop a working informal network, which supports the formal structure. Thus positive influence is taken on the selected behaviour of people within what Breton and Wintrobe call “bureaucracies';. This behaviour is characteristically competitive, especially in such times of major change. This change should be managed step-by-step and is described by Quinn as logical incrementalism. It builds “the seeds of understanding, identity, and commitment into the very processes'; (Quinn, p145) and is the underlying strategy which makes integration successful. After Elektrolux announced the acquisition of Zanussi, both organisations and people within were confronted with many changes which created tensions or misfits that called for new visions.(Normann in Quinn, p99) As a first step, mission values and guiding principles of Zanussi were made public to the employees in the Mission Statement.(Exhibit 3 in Case Study, p914) From the bottom-up they should understand step-by-step in a learning process (Normann in Quinn, p99) what behaviour was generally expected and correct. Bennis and others (in Quinn, p101) also agree that “programs to achieve significant change must be phased and largely undertaken bottom up, but the legitimacy of alternatives must be affirmed by the support of key people at the top.'; Besides the new Mission Statement, education and training programmes were undertaken to diffuse the new philosophy and policy. Thus the rules for building up an effective network are made visible. This network supports the formal structure. Breton and Wintrobe also assume that “relationships between superiors and subordinates in bureaus are generally governed by exchange and trade and not by the giving of orders and directives.'; Exchange can only take place, if property rights are existing and are supported by “trust'; (Breton and Wintrobe, p4) Trust is essential for the functioning of networks and has to be built up incrementally. One effective way of building up trust is by making “symbolic moves'; (q,111). In addition to this, the “most important changes are often those which signal a change in attitude at the top of an organisation.'; (Riccardo and Cafiero in Quinn, p112).

Mental Illness and POWs Essay -- Military

Any member of the Armed Forces who is held in captivity as a POW or as a hostage is more likely to be at a higher risk of mental illness like PTSD. This assumption goes against everything that was thought to be known during WWI, it was noted time and time again that both English and German POWs were somehow immune to war neuroses and only susceptible to the newly identified barbed wire disease which is the prisoner’s reaction to his environment during prison life. Interestingly though, up until this point in history no real data or studies had been complied on the post release effects after captivity. The repatriation of POWs and the new rehabilitation programs were designed to aid Armed Forces Service members to re-adapt back into to service life or if their enlisted was up to re-adapt back in to their former civilian lives. Disorders found in POWs were often explained in terms of a prewar predisposition to mental illness. Recent studies and those even conducted on the origin al WWI and later studies of POWs have discovered a higher rate of PTSD among veterans. The former POW who escaped or was released by their captors is also a veteran of war, but also a veteran of experiences totally different from their typical veteran counterparts. The POWs battle was not only one of daily survival, but also never ending battle against psychological intimidation, physical suffering, boredom, degradation, feelings of vulnerability, and sometimes depression. Also another noteworthy effect from being a POW was the â€Å"hero† recognition by the public and or Military community upon their honorable return from their capture followed by the attention they would received in the years following the return. The reintegration process back in to â€Å"normal... ...and their families, not all of the wounds are physical and they are not left behind in the cells upon return stateside. The Men who returned home from WWII were welcomed and more importantly celebrated by the entire nation as a whole, yet the efforts of those who returned home from Vietnam War did not reverberate as strongly within the country. The Vietnam POW was lightheartedly honored by our government, but the greater American populist struggled to separate their own personnel beliefs on their discontent with the war and unfairly placed the blame on those who had returned home after doing only what had been asked of them. The then President Nixon briefly spoke during his State of the Union speech saying along the lines that, they returned with honor and we can be proud of our courageous POWs for that they came home with their heads high, and not on their knees.

Mask Poor Communication

Assignment One: Miscommunication April Sherrod COM 200 Interpersonal Communication Terrance Frazier May 21, 2012 I agree with the article provided â€Å"Close Relationships Sometimes Mask Poor Communication† because I have had plenty of encounters with my loved ones where I was meaning one thing and they were interpreting what I said a completely different way and thinking I meant something totally different from what I actually meant. Have you ever had a miscommunication with someone close to you simply because you assumed that they understood you?What happened? When it comes to having miscommunication with someone, my fiance and I should receive an â€Å"A† all the time. The miscommunication we have can be as simple as me telling him to go to the store and get me a soda and be meaning for him to get a Dr. Pepper and he will come back with a coke. However we have had more serious altercations over miscommunication than a run to the store. The most recent altercation we have had over miscommunication was over whether or not to accept a car my parents were trying to give us as a gift.When telling him of this car, I had told him that there was still a little over $2000 owed on this car, I also told him that they said they would finish paying it off to help pay off a debt they had owed us. He completely misunderstood me and thought I was telling him we were going to make the payments ourselves, which he was completely fine with; however he isn’t fine with my parents making payments on something that we are going to be using.In the end before I had re-explained how things were going to take place, he disagreed with us getting the car because he thought that they were just simply going to make the payments and also pay us back what they owed us from a previous encounter when they had borrowed some money. I ended up re-explaining things to him and told him that what he thought wasn’t the case that they were only going to pay off the car, n ot pay off the car and pay off the debt.So now that he knows what exactly is going to happen, he has agreed with letting them pay off the car and giving it to us. How can you make sure that this kind of miscommunication does not happen in the future? Or when it does happen, what could you do to make your communication more clear? Miscommunication will always happen, however I could take actions to make sure my point is across and that everything I say is understood the exact way I say it and not the way my fiance interprets it would be by asking him what he thinks I meant before ending the conversation.References Close Relationships Sometimes Mask Poor Communication, January 24, 2011 http://health. usnews. com/health-news/family-health/brain-and-behavior/articles/2011/01/24/close-relationships-sometimes-mask-poor-communication Sole, K. (2011). Making connections: Understanding interpersonal communication. San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint Education, Inc. https://content. ashford. edu/books /AUCOM200. 11. 1

Militarization of Our Police Essay

I strongly feel that military tactics, training, and equipment do not have a place in American law enforcement because dozens of needless deaths and injuries have occurred because of it and it’s extremely expensive to supply these things. First, the American law enforcement has become much too aggressive with its citizens. There are several reports of police going above and beyond, using extreme measures, to take down the general public. One perfect example would be the MacDonald case. In the summer of 2006 a frail, troubled 18-year-old girl named Ashley MacDonald ran through a nearly empty Huntington Beach, California, city park in the early morning holding a small knife. An onlooker called the police and soon two large male officers showed up. They shot the girl to death with 18 bullets, claiming she had lunged toward them and put their lives in danger (Greenhut, 2008). Another example showing excessive, military force being used would be the Jose Guerena case. The home of former Marine and Iraq combat veteran Jose Guerena was raided by local sheriffs in Pima County, Arizona, who were attempting to execute a narcotics search warrant. Unfortunately, the manner in which the SWAT team invaded Guerena’s home prompted Guerena to reach for his gun to protect himself and his family. Sheriffs then shot off 71 rounds and hit Guerena with 22, killing him (Clabough, 2011). Second, it has cost the government millions of dollars to supply the American law enforcement with military equipment, which I believe is completely unnecessary. According to Pentagon data cited by The Daily, the Defense Department gave away almost $500 million worth of surplus military equipment to state and local law enforcement in 2011, which was a new record. And next year’s orders are already up more than 400 percent (Newman, 2011). The crime rate may have decreased, but the detailed numerous accounts of abuses and failed operations that left innocent people dead and the record billions worth of military equipment still being handed to local police is absolutely ridiculous. I feel there is more bad than good deriving from the militarization of our police.

CheckPoint: Conflict

Conflict is an inevitable part of life whether it is in relationships, socially, or between nations. Most conflicts arise from differing points of view on actions or goals and how they are handled can lead to a ceasefire or the breakup of one’s relationships. Conflict resolution skills are needed when navigating the stormy waters of conflict. How one perceives the goals and intentions of others can lead to misconceptions. When an individual or group perceives another’s intentions are harmful conflict will arise. It is human nature to believe that one’s group is different or better than another group. Forming an â€Å"in-group bias† will lead one to look for evidence to support one’s negative opinions of others. Stereotyping is often behind negative opinions and misconceptions that lead to conflicts. Perceptions are the way a person thinks or views another so, perceptions would factor greatly into conflicts. A negative mirror-image perception will cause one to over exaggerate the differences often held by parties in conflict; for example, each party may view itself as ethical and peaceable and the other as wicked and hostile. Viewing others in this light will only inflame the controversy and lead to more conflict. Learning how to view conflict differently can bring about peaceable solutions. Certain methods must be employed for reconciliation to occur. Exposure and close proximity will lead to learning more about the other person. A better understanding helps to foster closeness and common interest. If one is around someone regularly, one will learn how to get along with the other person. When parties whom are at odds with each other work together on a common goal, they each learn to develop comradeship. Cooperation can facilitate in conflict resolution as well. Communicating effectively in conflict is huge in learning to resolve issues and have reconciliation. Negotiations when resolving conflicts should include bargaining, mediation and coming to an understanding with each other. If you cannot communicate with someone properly, this will lead to more conflict.

Promote children’s welfare and well being Essay

1.1) Explain the welfare requirements & guidance of the EYFS. The statutory welfare requirements were set up to help guide childcare staff in what is expected of them as part of their role. There are five welfare requirements which Ofsted will check are being met. Safeguarding and Promoting Children’s Welfare This section covers a lot of the day-to-day activities which that you will be involved in, for example, food and drink, medicines and behaviour management. There must be written consent for any medicines which need to be administered to children. All staff within the setting must be trained in paediatric first aid and fresh water should be available to the children at all times. Staff can smoke outside as long as there are no children present. Fire doors must be able to be opened easily from the inside. It is important that there is one toilet and hand basin for every ten children over the age of 2 so that these areas can be easily accessed. All children within the setting must have a key person to allow the child to settle in easily and make it easier to carry out assessments. Children are only allowed to go home with another adult if their parents have given permission. In my setting the parent should tell a member of staff when they drop their child off if they are getting picked up by somebody else. We use a password system meaning that each child has a unique password on their records that the parent and the person picking the child up should know. This tells us that the child is going with the right person. Suitable People Anybody working with children in any way needs a separate CRB check for each childcare setting that you work in. You should never use physical intervention when disciplining children, this could be seen as a serious offence and may lead to disciplinary or even dismissal. All unqualified staff who are working with children should be encouraged to gain a level two qualification to gain a better knowledge and understanding in their role. The ratios for staff-children vary depending on the age of the children. The  younger the children are, the more staff will be needed. Suitable Premises, Environment and Equipment This aims to ensure that children are looked after in suitable and safe premises. The layout of the room is also important as it should allow children to play and communicate appropriately. There are many legal requirements that apply to this section, for example, checking that toys and furniture are safe and that the outdoor area is clean and secure. Organisation This section of the EYFS relates to the promotion of children’s learning and development. This will include planning activities for the children. It is important that you choose activities carefully which have a positive effect on the children’s development and they will enjoy at the same time. It is important that you show the children a routine whilst giving them support and allowing them to have independence at the same time. Documentation This applies to records for children, students doing placement at the setting, and staff working at the setting. These should be kept in a secure, locked cupboard in a private area. These records may need to be changed if there is a change of address or contact number. 1.2) Explain the lines of reporting & responsibility within your setting Within my setting if there is an issue concerning a child then depending on the issue you may report it to the child’s key person first of all. If it is a serious issue then you may choose to go straight to your line manager or child protection officer. In my setting my line manager is my child protection officer so I would go straight to her. If it is a small issue then I could tell my room supervisor. If there was an issue concerning a member of staff then I would straight to my line manager to avoid breaching confidentiality. 2.4) Explain giving examples, why minimum requirements for Space and Staff  ratio’s are necessary for children’s safety. Minimum space requirements and staff ratios are necessary for the children’s safety because it is important that there are a sufficient amount of adults to supervise the children and meet their needs. Generally the younger the children are, the higher the requirement for space and staff ratio. Most settings will easily meet these requirements. There should be at least one member of staff present when there are three children in care. There should be at least two members of staff present when there are 4-7 children in care. There should be at least three members of staff present when there are 8 or more children in care. It is important that children have enough room to move freely without having accidents. The room should be laid out in a way that makes more space for the children. If there are accidents then the furniture or equipment should be moved to prevent it from happening again. 3.1) Explain how you promote children’s health & well being in your setting Within my setting we promote children’s health and well-being in many ways. Healthy Eating If children have not had breakfast before the come into the setting then we offer them toast or cereal and a drink of milk to make sure they have the energy they need for the day. The children are provided with a healthy snack in the morning and afternoon. This usually includes toast, various fruit and milk. The children are provided with a healthy meal for lunch, for example roast chicken dinner. Fresh air and Physical activity We then try to get the children outside for about an hour to ensure that they are getting the necessary exercise and vitamin D. This allows the children to breathe in more oxygenated air and ensures appropriate ventilation to prevent the spreading of infections. We also try to include an activity in the planning which will ensure the children are being active, for example dancing or an obstacle course. Hygiene We make sure that the children’s nappies are changed morning and afternoon, more if needed. If the children’s clothes are dirty or wet from play then we will change them. We make sure that children wash their hands after going to the toilet and before eating. Health surveillance We always keep a close on children to monitor their health. If we think a child may be ill then we will take the appropriate actions. This may mean just taking the child’s temperature and giving them a drink and taking clothing off if they are too hot. Depending on how ill the child is and how long it is till they get picked up we may ring their parents to collect them. Rest and sleep The children usually have a story or songs before their snack in the morning and afternoon and before their lunch. This is a time where the children can rest and sit quietly. If the children are tired then we allow them to have a sleep in a quiet area of the room. Provide an example of a week’s menu, showing balanced meals, snack & drinks for children, following current government guidance on nutritional needs. This menu follows the government guidance on nutritional needs because it includes a lot of fruit and vegetables. It is very varied in different meals and includes most, if not all of the elements of the Eatwell Plate which is recommended by the government. Why is it important to follow carers’ instructions in respect of their child’s food allergies or intolerances? It is important that you follow carer’s instructions on their child’s food allergies and intolerances as it can lead to serious consequences. Key workers should be aware of children in their group who have allergies or intolerances. Posters should be made to be displayed within the setting to remind staff. However these should be displayed in the staff room and kitchen; areas where other parents cannot see them. How would you recognise signs & symptoms of food allergies/intolerances? Signs and symptoms of food allergies can include swelling of lips or eyes, redness of the face, itching and difficulty breathing. Children with serious allergies may be given an Epipen. Children with severe food allergies may also have an inhaler. Training will be given to staff on how to use this and the child’s key person will be in charge of it. Food intolerances are usually noticed by the child having diarrhoea. Due to diarrhoea having more than one cause it is important that parents talk to their GP about a suspected food intolerance. Including: Portion control It is important that children and parents are aware of what is the right size portion for the child. This is because this can lead to them becoming under or over weight. This could also include the types of food that are included in the portion of food as some foods are healthier for children than others. For example fizzy drinks, chocolate and cake aren’t good for children and can make them become hyperactive and fruit and vegetables are good for children and will provide them with the vitamins that they need. However some fruit juices can also be high in sugar so sometimes it is best just to stick to water. Tackling under and over weight children The weight of a child is mainly due to the types of food that the child is eating and the size of the portion. The right amount of exercise is also key in the child being the correct weight. It is important that you are doing the right amount of exercise as too much exercise could mean that you become underweight and too little can mean that you become overweight. Sugary foods like fizzy drinks, cakes, chocolate and sweets will make you put on weight a  lot quicker so it is best to avoid these, however you do need a small amount in your diet. Parents should be advised early if it is thought that their child is under or over weight so that action can be taken. Parents will often choose to believe that their child is just ‘cuddly’ as they don’t want to believe that they are overweight. There are many leaflets and websites that parents can go to for more information on the subject. Being under or over weight can also lead to the child having self-confidence issues so it is best to avoid this. If a child is under or over weight then there may be other issues leading to this so it is important to take the time to discuss issues carefully with the child. Food phobias Many children will have phobias of certain foods. This may stem from a bad experience or from them not liking the food. It could also come from watching important adults in their life not eating certain foods and thinking that they shouldn’t either. This can lead to many problems when trying to get children to eat a proper balanced meal. Therefore it is important that parents or carers are provided with tips on how to tackle this. 6.2) Explain the regulations concerning management of medicines & how these are interpreted in the setting. (Cross ref. Unit CYP 3.4-4.2, Unit CYP 3.6-2.3) Where medical treatment is required the manager will inform the insurance company in writing. Medical forms must be filled in where medicine is administered to children. These must include the date and times to be given, the name of the medicine and how much to give to the child. The form must be filled in by the parent or carer of the child in the presence of a member of staff, at the start of the child’s session. The medication must be kept in the correct place, i.e a fridge or a cool, dry place and a first aider must give the child the medication. We have a child within our setting with asthma who has an ongoing medicine form for his inhaler. 6.3) Explain how you protect yourself when lifting & handling children &  equipment in the setting. It is important when lifting anything that you lift with your knees and not your back. Some children can be quite heavy so it is best to avoid lifting them or getting another member of staff to help you. Poor lifting and handling results in many back injuries. Every member of staff should attend a lifting and handling course. You should always follow your settings policy on lifting and handling. Your manager should have carried out a risk assessment covering daily activities that require you to lift and handle children and resources. You should assess the situation before you move a child or equipment. It may be a good idea to make the object you are lifting smaller or make two trips. To conclude your assignment, consider how your research has impacted on your knowledge and understanding in this area of learning. The main sources for my research for this assignment were the book and knowledge from my work setting. I have learnt about dietary needs for different cultures and religions and how to store breast and formula milk.

Procter and Gamble Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Procter and Gamble - Case Study Example Jaeger also let the existing brands sideslip while introducing expensive new brands that never caught on. One of the Jaeger's shortcomings was lack of understanding of P&G's culture, having come from abroad and having worked his way up he failed to imbibe the true spirit that P&G was built upon and tried to do away with the very identity and brand imaging P&G worked on. It was under Jaeger's leadership strategic focus and direction became fuzzy and not only did the company's profits decreased P&G became saddled with excess baggage that threatened to squeeze P&G's life blood. (Jamal Shamsie 2005) Jamal (2005) mentions that Lafley is focusing on existing strengths in brands that have strong following and following these brands to make them into super brands - empowering his work force, delegating responsibility and ownership into employees, and recognition of the efforts. He also focused on opening channels and reducing hierarchical layers so that ideas and suggestions are heard quickly and acted upon quickly. He believed in the motto that key assets of P&G are its employees and brands. Lafley is also focusing on focusing on P&G's strong cultural values and on reclaiming the heritage through aggressive measures whilst taking employees into complete confidence. He has focused on building goodwill, strengthening of key areas and opening of communication channels. (Jamal Shamsie 2005) Jamal ... Jamal (2005) believes that some of his major steps have been to trim down the work force, especially the leadership team, realigned responsibilities, reducing multiple layers, changing traditional hierarchy at P&G, making P&G customer focused rather than other way round. He has instituted regular meetings with all of his 12 top executives every start of week, sitting at a round table, letting them thrash out ideas while acting only as a moderator. He has focused more on women giving to them more key positions then before. He has recreated existing brands with new outlook to make product usage an experience that users would want to enjoy. He has complemented beauty line with acquisitions of Clairol and Wella. He has been of the opinion that P&G should build up on its strengths and should not be diversifying and loosing focus on areas which are not its key strengths. He has revamped its existing 200 brands adding extensions that complement on existing brands that add value to existing brands by providing additional features that would enhance the brands existing functions - Tide stain brush, a battery powered brush for removing stains, while washing with Tide! (Jamal Shamsie 2005) Some of the ethical issues he has had to face with is bringing people from outside where P&G earlier only promoted from within - giving multiple promotions to promising P&G 3 staff members, giving women higher responsibilities and more decision making roles. Another difficult decision had been to outsource any product or service that was not value adding inside the firm. He has to a large extent shifted the surplus workforce from his own premises to the outsourced company's premises. (Jamal Shamsie 2005) What is Lafley hoping to achieve with his

Plant Biology questions ---angiosperm questions Assignment

Plant Biology questions ---angiosperm questions - Assignment Example Cotyledons are tiny structures found in seed and they form leaves during their later developments. Nonetheless, among the angiosperm species include dandelions with genus Taraxacum in the family Asteraceae. Additionally, there is the Orchis adenocheilae  species of the Orchis genus in the family of Orchis or the orchidaceae. Dandelions (Taraxacum officinale) are a weed that is common in North America. They are nuisance in lawns; however, they also appear in garden beds. They are dark green with jagged edged leaves that are arranged in circular rosettes (Martin, 2005; PG. 05). Their stems usually rise from rosettes with bright yellow tops. They can be described as daisy shaped flowers that often open in mid spring after which they quickly puff white seed heads. Each seed has parachute that flies off with wind; thus, they are dispersed by wing (Dodson, n.d.; PG. 01). These seeds germinate eagerly; however, they take time to have footholds. They often bloom in nearly all seasons and r eadily survive winter that affects nearly the entire North America (Wachman, n.d.; 01). They have deep taproots which readily sprout new leaves if root is not killed or removed. When damaged, the entire plant seep milky sap. Alternatively, the Orchis adenocheilae  has different characteristics that make them distinguished from other flowers. The sexual portions of Orchis adenocheilae  are different from other flowers in that they are characterized by reduced number of sexual portions (Jacquemyn et al. 2011; pg. 01). The general flower is characterized by style, filaments, anthers, and stigma, features that are reduced in Orchis adenocheilae  and fused into a single structured referred to column. Orchids have only one anther that is situated at the apex of their column (Yang, 2011; PG. 01). Additionally, an orchid’s ovary has three carpels that fused to an outward evidence of existing three ridges that are found on the outside of seed pods. Notably, a mature orchid seed opens usually opens about the middle juncture between the lines. Therefore, the seeds of this flower are dispersed through self dispersion. The ovules are often arranged in the inside of the ridges of the ovary where they do not develop until the flower is pollinated; therefore, the delay between pollination and opening up of the dry pod. Finally, it is worth noting that petals and sepals are quite distinct in orchids and have remained the main distinction between them and other flowers (Garden and Landscape Tips, n.d.; pg. 01). Their petals are referred to labellum or lip. Two or up to three of these sepals are usually joined to a column and their fertile stamens are usually located on one side on the flower. Finally, it is worth noting that orchids depend on self and cross- pollination. Nonetheless, it is worth noting that orchids in hot regions depend on cross pollination that is facilitated by different types of bees while those in cold regions depend on self pollination (Dodson , n.d.; PG. 01). However, they depend on mycorrhizal fungi to complete their life cycle especially at their early stage of development. The Orchids is the largest angiosperm and has nearly two thousand species including the Orchis adenocheilae. In the communities in the ecological system, species usually interact with one another to form a complex and a highly structured network. These network structures usually vary

Injustice of the Copyright Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Injustice of the Copyright Law - Essay Example Users continued to break the law. Yet, these users that violated the law and placed themselves at threat of prosecution and fines were the true citizens. The illegal peer-to-peer services and the citizens that used them were instrumental in redefining the music industry for the benefit of both the consumer and the artist. The importance of the copyright law in reference to audio reproduction has been a direct result of the available technology. In the 1980s the cassette player was the main device available for music reproduction. Successive reproductions decreased the recording quality and manufactures and distributors were able to maintain a competitive edge with respect to product quality. In addition, there were no channels for trading copies and availability was limited to physical contact with the media. This generally restricted the ability to copy a tape to a limited circle of friends. Large scale counterfeit operations were easier to intercept in the marketing stream and were generally highly visible to law enforcement (Kim, 2004). Enforcement of the law was usually a matter of the priorities set by state agencies. In the case of the flourishing overseas bootleg markets, little enforcement was available. However, with the advent of the Internet, peer-to-peer networks, and the Internet the abi lity to trade and reproduce music has expanded exponentially. Digital MP3 copies do not degrade in quality, which removes the original manufacturers competitive edge. There is no need for physical contact of the media and there are no restrictions on the availability as the source can be anywhere in the world and totally anonymous. Historically, reproduction of copyrighted material has been exempted from coverage by the 'Fair and Private Use' clauses of the copyright laws. Fair use allows for the reproduction for certain academic, review, and informational purposes without the consent of the copyright holder. Private use allows for reproduction for personal use and no commercial gain. However, The United States copyright laws were amended in 1992 with the addition of Chapter 10 to the Audio Home Recording Act. This amendment specifically addressed the use of digital audio recording and playback devices and media. The courts have been clear as to the copyright infringement of the reproduction of MP3 audio on computing devices. To be considered a digital audio recording device, the equipment must be, "...designed or marketed for the primary purpose of, and that is capable of, making a digital audio copied recording for private use" (US Code collection, n.d.). Thus, the home computer and hard drive were not exempt ed from the copyright laws as an MP3 player or dictation machine may be. With the rapid onset of advancing technologies and the proliferation of peer-to-peer networking in the late 1990s, the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) became more pro-active in their efforts to insure the copyright laws were being enforced. The RIAA that represented the recording industry insisted, "...this theft has hurt the music community, with thousands of layoffs, songwriters out of work and new artists having a harder time getting signed and breaking into the business" (Piracy: Online and on the street, n.d.). The trade group asserted that it was losing billions of dollars to services such as Napster, WinMX, Morpheus, and

Petrobras and cost of capital Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Petrobras and cost of capital - Essay Example Petrobras was operating in a higher risk environment due to Brazil’s economic turbulence. The cost of debt for any given company is the cost of raising extra revenue by issuing the debt. Likewise, the cost of equity refers to that extra revenue associated with issue of the equity shares. The cost of capital therefore is derived from the average value of issuing the two in the proportion capital they present and this is what is referred to as the WACC (weighted average cost of capital) as to be discussed later in this paper. For a company like Petrobras, the financing costs can be derived by use of the WACC. The major players in the multinational oil industry as indicated in exhibit 1 of the case have almost a similar cost of capital ranging from 7.6% of BP to 9.0% of ocean energy indicating an average difference of 1.4%. Petrobras’ cost of capital is further up at 15% reflecting a massive difference of 6%. This is largely attributed to the company’s distinct domestic involvement in terms of its operations. The company is largely owned by the government and hence it was solely producing for a Brazilian market in the quest to eliminate its over dependence on international oil imports. This is despite the economic turbulence of the country’s economy that has been characterized by fluctuations in interest rates, inflation rates, local currency depreciation among other economic downfall, which is further reflected into the company’s CA.... erations made investors assign it the country risks assigned to similar firms operating in the country and as a consequence, the cost of capital was significantly raised. There are sentiments by analysts that the company’s CA ought to have been excluded from the â€Å"burden† of the respective additional costs incurred from Brazil's sovereign spread during the derivation of kd (cost of debt) and derived capital or equity (Antweiler 2005). This will ensure that the risk bored or characterized by the company’s operations are optimally constituted hence bringing its cost of capital at par with similar companies. This is the main reason why the company embarked on expansion in the South American markets like Argentina, as mentioned in the case. Petrobras's WACC Analysis To begin, there are two ways that companies may use to evaluate their cost of capital: the first one is by use of expected equity cash flow and the required rate of return whereas the second approach focuses on the use of free cash flow and the weighted average cost of capital. The WACC calculation for Petrobras uses comparable companies to produce a single discount rate. This is despite of the fact that an industry average WACC is the most appropriate for Petrobras on a long-term basis. Suppose there exists any short-term differences between the industry WACC and Petrobras's WACC, then it goes that Petrobras will be more likely to go back to the industry WACC on a long-term basis. The company’s WACC calculation uses Petrobras's highest risk free rate, because no investment can have a cost of capital that is better than risk free. This situation may occur if the beta is negative and Petrobras uses a significant proportion of equity capital. While the company had decided to implement an

International Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

International Marketing - Essay Example Consumer attitudes consist of three main components, affective, cognitive and behavioral component (Pride et al, 2011). The cognitive component refers to the buyer’s knowledge and information about a product. The affective component is the buyer’s feelings and emotion towards the product. Lastly, the behavioral component consists of the actions of the buyer towards the product. Marketers should seek to identify and understand all this components of the consumer attitudes in order to ensure the success of a product. According to Hassan and Samli (1994), the country of origin effect is defined as the influence that a country’s manufacturer has on the negative or positive judgment of the consumer (Doole & Robin, 2005). There are many methods that can be used by marketers to gauge buyers’ attitudes. One simple method involves questioning the buyers directly. This helps marketers stay informed on the buyers attitudes and identify what the buyer wants exactly. I n 2007, a survey by The Roy Morgan Research reported that 89% of Australian consumers are looking for fresh food that is grown in Australia. 74% of this buyers said that they wanted Australian fresh foods in order to support local businesses and farmers. This research points out that advertising fresh products as Australian-grown is a smart marketing strategy especially when targeting Australian consumers. Therefore, if buyers have a strongly positive attitude towards the country of origin, the marketers should consider playing up the country of origin in its marketing strategy and communications. Another example of this is the 1990s’ Volkswagen’s â€Å"Fahrvehrgnugen† campaign. It asserted the company’s German roots despite the fact that many of the cars that it sold were assembled in low-wage countries such as Mexico. Buyers will, therefore, buy this products since Germany is associated with quality and reliable products. For the same reason, people opt to buy other German made cars such as Bosch and BMW (Chasin & Jaffe, 1979). Likewise, Switzerland is known worldwide for its precision. Watches from Swiss are legendary the world over and for this reason; buyers are even willing to pay a higher price for them (John & Jagdish, 1969). On the other hand, marketers tend to have an uphill task when combating the buyer’s negative perceptions of a product’s Country-of-origin. Russia and South Africa are examples of two countries where marketers experience hardships when marketing their products. Although Russia is well known for producing high quality vodka, many buyers avoid using its products since they still term the country as a communist country (Chasin & Jaffe, 1979). Likewise, South Africa is synonymous with producing very fine wine and at very attractive prices. However, American consumers have been reluctant to buying this product due to their negative perception about the country resulting form the apartheid era al though it has ended (Christopher, 2001). Another country experiencing negative bias, especially in United States, is Vietnam. In countries where negative bias is in existence, marketers should downplay the country of origin especially in packaging and the product’s marketing communications. By doing this, buyers will have less knowledge about the country where the product originated from, and this may result in increased sale of the

Professionals in each the three areas of education, biomedical, and Research Paper

Professionals in each the three areas of education, biomedical, and sensory integration interventions - Research Paper Example This is the current role of biomedical engineers as stipulated by many job markets. The performance of such professions can be improved through provision of a platform for research and innovation as well as provision of motivating factors such as proper remuneration and appropriate working environments. Lesson learned is that biomedical engineers apply a combination of knowledge from various disciplines. They basically guide intervention processes for children with substantial challenges in processing and interpreting information that may hinder their efforts to participate in daily life activities (http://atcnts.com/wp n.d). They act as therapists and perform duties ascribed to cognitive challenges. Their performance can be improved through research and innovation and improving their working conditions. This profession deals more with psycho-social challenges. Directors of Occupational Therapy in Sensory Integration Intervention. (n.d.). Directors of Occupational Therapy in Sensory Integration Intervention. Retrieved February 27, 2014, from

History of Protests in Government Contracting Research Paper

History of Protests in Government Contracting - Research Paper Example It is also applied as a method of acquiring services as well as supplies from non-federal sources. There are essentially six different phases which for implementing the government contracting processes such as procurement planning, solicitation planning, solicitation, source selection, contract administration and contract closure (Rendon 9-14). It is worth mentioning in this regard that the ultimate mission of government contracting is to develop an environment for small as well as disadvantaged businesses to participate in contract awards of the federal government as well as in major subcontract awards. Furthermore, government contacting assists small businesses in the procurement processes to obtain greater competencies in the federal world (SBA. GOV, â€Å"Office of Government Contracting†). Government contracting is also considered to be an important method of assessing opportunities for businesses. It is in this context that government contracting is often utilized for ac quiring important information with the objective of less riskier performance of businesses along with competitiveness in the global market (American Express Company, â€Å"An Introduction to Government Contracting†). ... the discussion will also emphasize on the evaluation of contract protests which include the Administrative Procedure Act, 1946 and the Completion in Contracting Act (CICA), 1984. 1.0. Discuss the three ways an offeror can protest (Agency, GAO, COFC) An offeror who is not satisfied with the government contracting method can adapt three ways or procedures for protesting against the method. One of the options to protest against the government contracting method is by filing a bid protest. The bid protest can be lodged with the agency, where an agency-level bid protest is required to be resolved by a Contracting Officer (CO). The bid protest can also be filed with the Government Accountability Officer (GAO), or with the US Court of Federal Claims (COFC). However, according to the enacted rules and policies, an offeror filing a protest at the agency level is required to lodge a bid protest before the GAO or COFC. Moreover, if the offeror is required to file a protest bid with the GAO, he/ she needs to file another bid protest to the COFC as well (Schaengold, Guiffre, and Gill, â€Å"Choice of Forum for Federal Government Contract Bid Protests†). Agency Level An offeror who is disappointed with government contracting can file a bid protest with the agency. In this procedure, protests which are made at the agency level are sorted out by the CO or by any higher authority at the primary level. Many a times, protests at the agency level can also be decided by high ranking officials of an agency or by any other official who is not involved with the procurement process (Schaengold, Guiffre, and Gill, â€Å"Choice of Forum for Federal Government Contract Bid Protests†). It is worth mentioning in this context that protests which are filed with the agency are required to be precise and

I Am the Grass Essay Essay Example for Free

I Am the Grass Essay Essay Am the Grass is a short story written by Daly Walker, who has also written other short stories for The Sewanee Review and The Sycamore Review. Born in Winchester, Indiana in 1924, Daly Walker is a surgeon by trade and started to write after he was forty. Daly also served in the Vietnam War from 1967-1968, it serves as an inspiration for I Am the Grass. The story details a mans struggle of life after the war in Vietnam, and returning to Vietnam. This includes painful psychological trauma, the feeling of guilt for his actions, and finally his attempt to redeem himself in his own eyes. At the start of the story we read about assorted atrocities committed during the Vietnam War by a nameless man, who is the main character. They include raping a thirteen-year old girl, decapitating a man with a machete, and throwing defenseless prisoners off of a helicopter. Along with the atrocities, the reader sees a battered past and something that haunts the main character . The story also goes on to explain how after the war, the main character goes on to medical school where he becomes a successful plastic surgeon. The main character also describes the fear that comes back to him when anti-war protestors blow up a classroom while he’s asleep. It takes him back to the attacks done on his base while he was in Vietnam, he goes on to explain that even though the he has left the war, â€Å"the war has followed him home† (316). The main character shows how he tries to redeem himself for the bad he has done. This includes going to impoverished countries to repair deformities on people who can’t afford plastic surgery. He explains â€Å"how it makes me feel like a decent man, a healer† (317). This shows how it feels good for him to heal people as opposed to feeling good killing them when he was younger. After the minor back-story and introduction to his past and inner-demons, the main character is on a plane headed to Vietnam. Ironically, this time to help the people he once did horrible things to. He is taken around the countryside, where he recognizes many of the nicknames of the roads soldiers gave. Then he is introduced to another surgeon, one who he would have originally called an enemy, to take him to those in need of the surgery. In nother twist of irony, the Vietnamese â€Å"surgeon† is missing his thumbs. This prevents him from performing surgery unlike the main character. They both talk about fighting each other in the war and then go forth to perform the surgeries on the people who needed them. As the story continues, the narrator, has been successful in 18 surgeries and feels good. Until he has to â€Å"make a difficult decision†(320) when the thumbless Vietnamese surgeon asks him to perform a â€Å"difficult surgery†(321) on him. A surgery where the big toe of the foot is transplanted to where the thumb once was. Despite the risk and lack of any more advanced medical tools, the narrator decides to go forward with it. This shows that the narrator is willing to do an extremely difficult surgery without the proper tools, so that perhaps he may find some peace in himself. Yet the dreams of the man he decapitated still haunt him, even on the eve of the big surgery. While he prepares himself, the narrator explains the feeling as â€Å"a sense of power that has been in no other place but surgery, except when my finger was on the trigger of an M60† (324). He starts and is meticulous in using the primitive medical instruments provided to him. He feels as if he has done a good job and even forms a steady friendship with the Vietnamese surgeon. However, the day he has to leave, it goes south. The main character goes to unwrap the bandages and finds that the transplant has failed, as the implanted big toe has rotted. Furious at himself, he removes it before he leaves. In an attempt to make himself feel better, it is shown how the main character hopes to see the thumbless surgeon at the airport. Perhaps saying bye to him and thanking him for his efforts. However there is no one there, on the flight home though, he realizes that the risk involved with Vietnam made him feel like a part of the country. He comes to see that he embraces the risk and everything that comes with it. I Am the Grass is presented as a story that is simple to understand, but also has an emotional effect. Walker gives us a character with a detailed past, a very good storyline, and the setting and theme of redemption which is present throughout the whole story. The theme of redemption is supported throughout the story. The main character tries to redeem himself in his own yes by doing surgeries for free in impoverished nations. Also, when he takes on the risky task of the toe transplant. It leaves the reader wondering, what if it would have worked? Would he have calmed his conscience of reminding him about the past atrocities he committed? The story, which begins by describing very graphic atrocities, turns into a story of more peace than war. One where the narrator has lost himself in the scourge of war, but is trying to find himself by using his talents for good. Trying to find inner-peace from his personal demons. It comes together near the end of the story. When he finds out the transplant didn’t work and he wants to leave immediately. But contrary to his expected reaction, the Vietnamese surgeon calmly tells him to remove it, which the main character does. In a way he faced his own inner demons despite the disappointment. Walker’s decision to make the setting a run down dirty hospital isn’t one that a lot of people can relate to. However, the message of redemption is one that a lot of people can. The conflict he delivers is one that is present in others, just not in the form of war crimes and surgeries. That’s something that a lot can relate to. In this story, Walker has shown a veteran who is haunted by his past and tries to redeem himself. It delivers a powerful message on how the road to the inner-peace of a person is faced with many challenges and setbacks. Ironically, amidst the moment of disappointment, the character realizes that he has come to accept the risks he took in life, along with the consequences. There he finds at that moment of redemption that he had long been looking for.

Eiserhowers significance in civil rights Essay Example for Free

Eiserhowers significance in civil rights Essay How significant was Dwight D Eisenhower in improving civil rights for African Americans during his presidency (1953-1961)? Eisenhower was both partially significant and not, regarding improving civil rights during his presidency. Reason being, Ike was criticized for a variety of decisions he made. Arthur Larson emphasised that he had a â€Å"failure to speak out†. However, David Greenberg believed Eisenhower was significant and stated that it â€Å"was his judicial nominees who made the revolution possible†. Eisenhower was the 34th President of the United States (1953-1961) and presided during key moments xin the civil rights movements including the Montgomery Bus Boycott, Brown v Board act, The Little Rock 9 and the Civil Rights Act of 1957. He was a republican and believed that each state should have their own laws and cases shouldn’t have to be dealt with by the president. These events lead to many historians and people to question whether Eisenhower was effectively managing the cases and how significant he was to change in Civil Rights for African Americans. Although Eisenhower’s significance was strongly opposed by many, he clearly played a huge part in improving civil rights for African Americans. The judgement of the Brown v Board case was really significant in improving civil rights for African Americans. Eisenhower’s appointment of Earl Warren as Chief Justice of Supreme Court was really significant. Earl Warren was pro civil rights and desegregation and stated that â€Å"separate educational facilities are inherently unequal†. This statement was due to the fact that blacks weren’t being given the same opportunities as white children at school. He knew they had the same potential but weren’t provided with mutual resources. This was in favour Oliver Brown’s case and the Supreme Court was in favour of equality in both races. This progress meant that Eisenhower made huge significance towards improving Civil Rights as it was him who appointed Earl Warren and this wasn’t the first time that there were equal opportunities for black children in school. However, Ike described appointing Earl Warren as â€Å"The biggest mistake I ever made†. This suggests that he wasn’t happy about the outcome of the case and that he had conflicting ideas in comparison to Earl, regarding the Civil Rights. This signifies that Eisenhower was disappointed that the case had finished at a quick pace and didn’t like the changes that actually happened. Although he said he regretted it, he still did an extremely significant thing by employing Earl Warren as it helped improve Civil Rights. Going back to a previous quote, Smith stated that his â€Å"judicial nominees who made the revolution possible†. In this case, Smith is obviously referring to Eisenhower’s appointment of the judge Earl Warren as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. Earl Warren was an extremely respected man and was given a big role in being responsible to fight for Oliver Brown’s case. This reinforces the fact that Eisenhower’s employment of Earl Warren was a major factor in improving Civil Rights. Another key event that was important throughout Eisenhower’s presidency was the intervention at Little Rock. Eisenhower stated that the â€Å"mob rule cannot be allowed to override the decisions of our courts† which was encouraging as it meant that he wouldn’t allow African American’s to be threatened in school, a place where people should learn and feel safe, not terrified. This was hugely significant as it proved that Eisenhower was determined to desegregate schools and have a positive change for African Americans. Eisenhower also stated that â€Å"leniency can encourage defiance†. This also showed that Eisenhower was motivated to lure everyone into changing their racist ways as he demanded everyone to stay strong. This shows improvement to Eisenhower’s attitude. This is significant as, since he was the President, the fact he said this would have encouraged everyone to be brave and fight discrimination. However, Eisenhower confronted that â€Å"our enemies gloated over this incident† which shows that Eisenhower only acted due to the fact of the Cold War and he didn’t want other Countries to see America in a negative perspective. This shows that Eisenhower didn’t act from free will, he was concerned about other people’s views and so reacted. Overall, in regards to the intervention at Little Rock, Eisenhower was extremely effective. On the other hand, Eisenhower also acted in ways that weren’t significant in improving Civil Rights for African Americans. In key events such as the Montgomery Bus Boycott, Sit-ins and Freedom Rides he didn’t act at all however in Little Rock 9 he was forced to act due to the opinions of other countries and people regarding America which was shown when he stated â€Å"our enemies are gloating over this incident† as he intervened due to other’s opinions. He also had the opinion that â€Å"there is a state law on boycotts†. This shows that he was a republican and believed all cases should be dealt with by the government, not the president. This links with the fact that Eisenhower was quite laid back as he believed it wasn’t his responsibility to deal with problems. James Farmer stated â€Å"we planned the freedom rides with the intention of creating a crisis† which shows they wanted to provoke a reaction from Eisenhower. This did alert Eisenhower, however, because of his laid back attitude he didn’t intervene which caused a delay in the improvement of civil rights, showing he wasn’t significant. Eisenhower wasn’t significant because of his personal beliefs. He privately stated that â€Å"making people do things by force is plain nuts†. This shows how Eisenhower had an attitude that people should do what they want without people interfering. This shows that Eisenhower wasn’t significant because if he had used his power as president correctly he could have made a big difference. This is seen in the quote by the historian David Greenberg the â€Å"Fight for civil rights†¦ demanded the use of the bully pulpit† which shows that historians consider his failure to intervene to have been a massive set back to the civil rights movement. Historian Roy Wilkins said â€Å"if he fought the Second World War like he fights for civil rights, we would all be speaking German right now†. This shows that Eisenhower is not the best person to have in a position of authority. This clearly states that he didn’t put in much effort regarding fighting for civil rights. Showing he wasn’t a good leader and so is insignificant. To conclude, after analysing a range of sources, both negative and positive, we can see that Eisenhower was significant in improving the lives of African Americans during his presidency. He presided over key events, most importantly, the appointment of Earl Warren and The Little Rock 9. Although, some may say he only acted due to pressure from other countries, this does not change the fact that he played a huge part in improving civil rights for African Americans. Under the presidency of Eisenhower things did change, no matter if he was forced to do it or not, he still helped improve Civil Rights for African Americans which is all that matters. As Roy Wilkins stated, â€Å"if he fought the second World War like he fights for civil rights, we would be speaking German right now† which shows he didn’t put in much effort in improving Civil Rights for African Americans.